Table 3.
Univariable and multivariable analyses examining OS and PFS in association with body composition measures (n = 172)
| Variable | Univariate analysis | Multivariate analysis* | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| HR | 95% CI | P value | HR | 95% CI | P value | |
| OS | ||||||
| Age (≥60 years) | 1.23 | 0.63–2.41 | 0.550 | |||
| Gender male | 0.46 | 0.22–0.97 | 0.042 | 2.39 | 0.59–9.63 | 0.222 |
| BMI | ||||||
| Underweight | 2.13 | 0.96–4.75 | 0.063 | 1.00 | 0.21–4.84 | 0.998 |
| Obesity | 0.92 | 0.40–2.12 | 0.839 | 0.79 | 0.18–3.48 | 0.750 |
| HBV | 0.81 | 0.34–1.92 | 0.631 | |||
| Alcohol consumption (yes vs no) | 0.19 | 0.03–1.40 | 0.103 | |||
| Smoking status (yes vs no) | 1.06 | 0.54–2.07 | 0.872 | |||
| BCLC stage (C) | 0.94 | 0.45–1.98 | 0.878 | |||
| ECOG-PS | ||||||
| 1 | 1.41 | 0.74–2.69 | 0.294 | 0.59 | 0.20–1.76 | 0.344 |
| 2 | 1.17 | 0.27–5.03 | 0.834 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.987 |
| 3 | 2.40 | 0.56–10.34 | 0.241 | 0.62 | 0.08–4.88 | 0.647 |
| Child-Pugh Class | ||||||
| B | 2.19 | 1.09–4.39 | 0.028 | 1.68 | 0.55–5.15 | 0.367 |
| C | 7.69 | 1.02–57.9 | 0.048 | 12.43 | 0.91–170.39 | 0.059 |
| Comorbidity | ||||||
| Hypertension (yes vs no) | 1.10 | 0.52–2.31 | 0.801 | |||
| Diabetes (yes vs no) | 0.97 | 0.40–2.32 | 0.941 | |||
| Liver Cirrhosis (yes vs no) | 0.78 | 0.42–1.44 | 0.421 | |||
| Previous treatment (yes vs no) | 0.79 | 0.33–1.89 | 0.598 | |||
| Baseline metastasis (yes vs no) | 1.23 | 0.57–2.65 | 0.609 | 0.59 | 0.21–1.67 | 0.323 |
| CRP (≥10 mg/L) | 2.80 | 1.12–7.02 | 0.028 | 0.53 | 0.16–1.72 | 0.289 |
| PCT (≥1 ng/mL) | 0.04 | 0.00–142.19 | 0.448 | |||
| NLR (≥2.57) 3 | 2.01 | 1.08–3.56 | 0.028 | 4.63 | 1.41–15.19 | 0.012 |
| Body composition variable | ||||||
| Sarcopenia | 4.90 | 2.52–9.51 | < 0.001 | 5.39 | 1.74–16.74 | 0.004 |
| SMD (low vs high) | 1.64 | 0.89–3.03 | 0.116 | 1.06 | 0.33–3.39 | 0.920 |
| VATI (high vs low) | 0.30 | 0.15–0.59 | 0.001 | 0.04 | 0.00–0.46 | 0.009 |
| SATI (high vs low) | 0.31 | 0.17–0.58 | < 0.001 | 3.44 | 0.32–37.31 | 0.310 |
| TATI (high vs low) | 0.31 | 0.17–0.57 | < 0.001 | 1.32 | 0.14–12.60 | 0.808 |
| VSR (high vs low) | 0.73 | 0.29–1.86 | 0.509 | |||
| PFS | ||||||
| Age (≥60 years) | 0.94 | 0.64–1.38 | 0.748 | |||
| Gender male | 0.79 | 0.49–1.25 | 0.307 | 0.70 | 0.33–1.47 | 0.341 |
| BMI | ||||||
| Underweight | 1.37 | 0.83–2.28 | 0.220 | 0.93 | 0.37–2.38 | 0.882 |
| Obesity | 1.06 | 0.71–1.59 | 0.766 | 0.59 | 0.28–1.24 | 0.162 |
| HBV | 1.33 | 0.80–2.22 | 0.267 | |||
| Alcohol consumption (yes vs no) | 0.72 | 0.41–1.25 | 0.238 | |||
| Smoking status (yes vs no) | 1.14 | 0.81–1.62 | 0.456 | |||
| BCLC stage (C) | 1.26 | 0.84–1.88 | 0.265 | |||
| ECOG-PS | ||||||
| 1 | 1.24 | 0.89–1.75 | 0.205 | 1.25 | 0.76–2.05 | 0.387 |
| 2 | 1.93 | 0.96–3.88 | 0.064 | 1.36 | 0.34–5.38 | 0.665 |
| 3 | 0.75 | 0.18–3.06 | 0.690 | 1.70 | 0.34–8.58 | 0.519 |
| Child-Pugh Class | ||||||
| B | 1.12 | 0.73–1.71 | 0.612 | 1.55 | 0.86–2.76 | 0.143 |
| C | 4.44 | 1.08–18.30 | 0.039 | 2.91 | 0.59–14.32 | 0.190 |
| Comorbidity | ||||||
| Hypertension (yes vs no) | 0.99 | 0.66–1.49 | 0.953 | |||
| Diabetes (yes vs no) | 0.98 | 0.61–1.59 | 0.941 | |||
| Liver Cirrhosis (yes vs no) | 1.08 | 0.78–1.50 | 0.652 | |||
| Previous treatment (yes vs no) | 1.44 | 0.83–2.49 | 0.195 | |||
| Baseline metastasis (yes vs no) | 1.56 | 1.05–2.32 | 0.027 | 1.41 | 0.81–2.43 | 0.221 |
| CRP (≥10 mg/L) | 0.94 | 0.61–1.43 | 0.768 | 1.03 | 0.61–1.75 | 0.991 |
| PCT (≥1 ng/mL) | 0.80 | 0.36–1.77 | 0.588 | |||
| NLR (≥2.57) | 1.07 | 0.77–1.49 | 0.676 | 1.21 | 0.73–1.99 | 0.460 |
| Body composition variable | ||||||
| Sarcopenia | 1.62 | 1.18–2.28 | 0.005 | 1.48 | 0.82–2.67 | 0.195 |
| SMD (low vs high) | 0.83 | 0.60–1.16 | 0.269 | 0.56 | 0.32–0.99 | 0.044 |
| VATI (high vs low) | 0.87 | 0.53–1.43 | 0.590 | 1.07 | 0.37–3.11 | 0.895 |
| SATI (high vs low) | 0.80 | 0.54–1.18 | 0.259 | 1.28 | 0.37–4.47 | 0.695 |
| TATI (high vs low) | 0.90 | 0.61–1.33 | 0.590 | 0.67 | 0.21–2.12 | 0.491 |
| VSR (high vs low) | 0.98 | 0.63–1.52 | 0.937 | |||
OS Overall survival, PFS Progression- free survival, HR Hazard ratio, CI Confidence interval, BMI Body mass index, HBV Hepatitis B virus, BCLC Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer, ECOG Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group, PS Performance status, CRP c-reactive protein, PCT Procalcitonin, NLR Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, SMD Skeletal muscle density, SMG Skeletal muscle gauge, VATI Visceral adipose tissue index, SATI Subcutaneous adipose tissue index, TATI Total adipose tissue index, VSR Visceral to subcutaneous fat area ratio
*Adjusted for sex, BMI, ECOG PS score, Child–Pugh score, baseline metastasis, CRP, and NLR