Table 5.
Comparison of disease characteristics between patients below and over 65 years.
| Parameters | Patients <65 years (n = 880) | Patients ≥65 years (n = 100) | p Value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Comorbidities | |||
| Hypertension (n = 950) | 272 (31.9%) | 71 (71%) | <0.001* |
| Diabetes mellitus (n = 949) | 82 (9.6%) | 25 (25%) | <0.001* |
| Pretibial edema (n = 896) | 588 (72.9%) | 76 (76%) | 0.010* |
| Systolic blood pressure (mm/Hg) | 130 (115–140) | 137.5 (130–145) | <0.001 § |
| Biochemistry | |||
| Glucose (mg/dL) | 94 (86–104) | 93 (83–112) | 0.001 § |
| Blood urea nitrogen (BUN) (mg/dL) | 15 (11–20) | 21.5 (16–26) | <0.001 § |
| Creatinine (mg/dL) | 0.8 (0.6–1.0) | 0.9 (0.7–1.2) | <0.001 § |
| CKD-EPI estimated GFR (mL/min) | 105.1 (83.1–119) | 80.3 (58.4–90.5) | <0.001 § |
| Urine protein (mg/24 h) | 7187 ± 241 | 6172 ± 446 | 0.168 |
| Uric acid (mg/dL) | 5.8 ± 1.7 | 6.6 ± 1.9 | <0.001 † |
| Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) (U/L) | 16 (13–21) | 16.5 (12.3–19.8) | 0.039§ |
| Hemoglobin (g/dL) | 13.3 ± 1.8 | 12.5 ± 2.2 | <0.001 † |
| Hematocrit (%) | 40 (36–44) | 38.5 (32.3–42) | 0.003 § |
| Sedimentation rate (mm/hour) | 43.6 ± 27.5 | 51.1 ± 26.5 | 0.034 † |
| Histopathology n (%) | |||
| Interstitial inflammation (n = 929) | 459 (54.9%) | 63 (67.7%) | 0.020* |
| Interstitial fibrosis (n = 946) | |||
| Absent | 475 (56.7%) | 34 (36.2%) | |
| Grade 1 (<25%) | 274 (32.7%) | 44 (46.8%) | 0.003* |
| Grade 2 (25–50%) | 68 (8.1%) | 13(13.8%) | |
| Grade 3 (>50%) | 21(2.5%) | 3 (3.2%) | |
| Vascular changes (n = 932) | 276 (32.9%) | 44 (47.3%) | 0.006* |
| Tubular atrophy (n = 938) | |||
| Absent | 458 (54.4%) | 33 (34.4%) | 0.002* |
| Grade 1 (<25%) | 318 (37.8%) | 53 (55.2%) | |
| Grade 2 (25–50%) | 52 (6.2%) | 6(6.3%) | |
| Grade 3 (>50%) | 14(1.7%) | 4 (4.2%) | |
| Number of glomerular changes median (min–max) | |||
| Global sclerotic | 0 (0–24) | 2 (0–16) | <0.001 § |
| Immunofluorescence microscopy findings | |||
| IgA (n = 890) | |||
| Negative | 670 (83.6%) | 75 (84.3%) | |
| (+) | 94 (11.7%) | 5 (5.6%) | 0.033** |
| (++) | 25 (3.1%) | 5 (5.6%) | |
| (+++) | 12 (1.5%) | 4 (4.5%) |
CKD-EPI: chronic kidney disease epidemiology study; GFR: glomerular filtration rate
*Chi-squared tests;
**Fisher’s exact test;
§Mann–Whitney U test;
†Independent samples t-test.
Post-hoc analysis with Bonferroni correction showed the following: in interstitial fibrosis variable, significant difference was between grade 1 vs. grade 2, and grade 1 vs. grade 3, and absent vs. grade 2, and absent vs. grade 3, in tubular atrophy variable: grade 1 vs. grade 2, and grade 1 vs. grade 3, and absent vs. grade 2, and absent vs. grade 3, in IgA staining: (+) vs. (+++), and (++) vs. (+++), and negative vs. (+++). Bold values are statistically significant at p < 0.05.