Table 2. Treatment approaches (first and second appointment).
| Treatment approaches | 1st appt Count (n = 395) | % | 2nd appt Count (n = 395) | % |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Soft tissue techniques | 292 | 73.9 | 243 | 61.5 |
| Articulatory techniques | 274 | 69.4 | 220 | 55.7 |
| HVLA thrust | 136 | 34.4 | 100 | 25.3 |
| Exercise—stretching | 130 | 32.9 | 79 | 20 |
| Muscle energy | 115 | 29.1 | 82 | 20.8 |
| Self-management | 106 | 26.8 | 58 | 14.7 |
| Cranial techniques | 91 | 23 | 77 | 19.5 |
| Lifestyle advice | 87 | 22 | 42 | 10.6 |
| Inhibition techniques (e.g. trigger points) | 75 | 19 | 46 | 11.7 |
| General osteopathic treatment (GOT) | 71 | 18 | 48 | 12.2 |
| Exercise—strengthening | 67 | 17 | 46 | 11.7 |
| Functional technique | 60 | 15.2 | 41 | 10.4 |
| Myofascial release (MFR) | 40 | 10.1 | 30 | 7.6 |
| Other | 36 | 9.1 | 12 | 3 |
| Relaxation | 34 | 8.6 | 15 | 3.8 |
| Biodynamic approach | 31 | 7.9 | 32 | 8.1 |
| Exercise—proprioception | 28 | 7.1 | 23 | 5.8 |
| Dry needling | 27 | 6.8 | 18 | 4.6 |
| Self-medication advice | 27 | 6.8 | 11 | 2.8 |
| Visceral | 20 | 5.1 | 11 | 2.8 |
| Strain/counterstrain | 18 | 4.6 | 16 | 4 |
| Dietary advice | 15 | 3.8 | 3 | 0.8 |
| Mindfulness | 15 | 3.8 | 4 | 1 |
| Pain neuroscience education (PNE) | 12 | 3 | 5 | 1.3 |
| Electro-therapy | 11 | 2.8 | 11 | 2.8 |
| Acupuncture | 4 | 1 | 2 | 0.5 |
| Psychological treatment | 3 | 0.8 | 1 | 0.3 |
| No hands-on treatment | 3 | 0.8 | 0 | 0 |
| Applied or clinical kinesiology | 2 | 0.5 | 3 | 0.8 |
| Orthotics | 2 | 0.5 | 2 | 0.5 |
| Nutrition therapy | 2 | 0.5 | 1 | 0.3 |
No responses were received for the following treatment options: injections; prescription of medication; bio-resonance therapy; herbal medicine; homeopathy; hypnosis.