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. 2022 Jul 6;12(9):3456–3474. doi: 10.1016/j.apsb.2022.07.002

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© 2022 Chinese Pharmaceutical Association and Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences. Production and hosting by Elsevier B.V.

This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).

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Advanced strategies for respiratory tract mucosal delivery. (A and B) Screening PS-modified biomimetic liposomes (PS-GAMP) to enhance the effect of the influenza vaccine. Reprinted from Ref. 88. Copyright © 2020, The American Association for the Advancement of Science. (C) A mannose-conjugated cationic lipid nanoparticle (LNP-Man) for influenza mRNA delivery. (D and E) PEG₁₂KL4 for mRNA delivery. Reprinted from Ref. 97. Copyright © 2019, Elsevier. (F) Polyethylene (PEI)-functionalized graphene oxide (GO) NPs were used for HA antigen delivery. Reprinted from Ref. 103. Copyright © 2021, National Academy of Sciences.