Table 1.
Characteristics of included studies.
| First author | vaccine type | Reduced Omicron neutralization (folds)/primary VE% | Booster vaccination type | Increased Omicron neutralization after booster (folds)/second VE% |
Omicron infection rate with two vs. three booster | Ref |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Beltran et al., 2022 | mRNA-1273, BNT162b, and Ad26.COV2.S | 9 fold for mRNA-1273, 12 fold for BNT162b, and 17 fold for Ad26.COV2.S | mRNA-1273, and BNT162b | 19 fold for mRNA-1273 and 27 fold for BNT162b | NA | 40 |
| Dejnirattisai et al., 2022 | ADZ1222, and BNT162b2 | 12.7 fold for ADZ1222 and 14.2 fold for BNT162b2 | ADZ1222, and BNT162b2 | 2.7-fold for ADZ1222 and 34.2 fold for BNT162b2 | NA | 41 |
| Edara et al., 2022 | mRNA-1273, and BNT162b2 | No detectable titer | mRNA-1273, and BNT162b2 | 2.4 fold for mRNA-1273 and 14 fold for BNT162b2 | NA | 42 |
| Hoffmann et al., 2021 | BNT162b2 | 80 fold | BNT162b2 | 14 fold | NA | 43 |
| Andrews et al., 2021 | BNT162b2, and ChAdOx1 dose | 88.0% | BNT162b2 | 75.5% | NA | 44 |
| Hansen et al., 2021 | BNT162b2, and mRNA-1273 | 55.2% for BNT162b2 and 36.7% for mRNA-1273 | BNT162b2 | 54.6% BNT162b2 | NA | 45 |
| Muik et al., 2021 | BNT162b2 | 22.8 fold for BNT162b2 | BNT162b2 | 23.4 fold for BNT162b2 | NA | 46 |
| Then et al., 2021 | CoronaVac | 6.3 fold | BNT162b2 | 1.4 fold | NA | 47 |
| Tada et al., 2021 | BNT162b2 and mRNA-1273 | 26 fold | mRNA-1273 | 6-8 fold | NA | 48 |
| Zeng et al., 2021 | mRNA-1273 | 21.3-fold | mRNA-1273 | 5.1 fold | NA | 49 |
| Willett et al., 2022 | BNT162b2, ChAdOx1 or mRNA-1273 | 33 fold for BNT162b2, 14 fold for ChAdOx1 and 74 fold for mRNA-1273 | BNT162b2 or mRNA-1273 | Not significant | NA | 50 |
| Zuo et al., 2022 | BNT162b2, mRNA-127 | NA | BNT162b2, mRNA-127 | 14.3 fold | NA | 51 |
| Leung et al., 2022 | BNT162b2 | NA | BNT162b2 | 14 fold | NA | 52 |
| Chaguza et al., 2022 | Ad26.COV2.S | NA | mRNA-1273 or BNT162b2 | NA | 4.7% to 2.2% | 53 |
| Kislaya et al., 2022 | Cominarty, Spikevax, Vaxzevria and Janssen COVID-19 | NA | Cominarty and Spikevax |
NA | OR = 2.1; CI 95% :1.8 to 2.4 vs. OR = 5.2; CI 95%: 3.1 to 8.8 | 54 |
| Chemaitelly et al., 2022 | BNT162b2 and mRNA-1273 | 61.9% | BNT162b2 and mRNA-1273 | 55% | NA | 55 |
| Tan et al., 2021 | BNT162b2 | NA | Ad26.COV2.S or BNT162b2 | 41 fold | NA | 56 |
| Accorsi et al., 2022 | BNT162b2 or mRNA-1273 | NA | BNT162b2 or mRNA-1273 | NA | 0.34; CI 95%: 0.32-0.36 | 57 |
| Rose et al., 2021 | mRNA-1273 | 8.9 fold | mRNA-1273 | 12.6 fold | NA | 58 |
| Then et al., 2022 | CoronaVac | 7.1 fold | BNT162b2 | 1.4 fold | NA | 59 |
| Ai et al., 2021 | BBIBP-CorV | 7.9 fold | BBIBP-CorV after 28 days | 9.6 fold | NA | 60 |
| Schmidt et al., 2021 | BNT162b2 | 127 fold | BNT162b2 | 42.1 fold | NA | 61 |
| Mallory et al., 2021 | NVX-CoV2373 | 8.2 fold | VX-CoV2373 | 14.8 fold | NA | 62 |