Table 1.
Patient characteristics, cardiac haemodynamic data, and cardiac magnetic resonance data stratified by right heart catheterization pulmonary capillary wedge pressure
| RHC PCWP <15 mmHg (n = 521) | RHC PCWP ≥15 mmHg (n = 314) | P-value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 64.2 ± 13.9 | 69.6 ± 10.9 | <0.0001 |
| Male sex | 221 (42%) | 116 (37%) | 0.1271 |
| Body surface area (m2) | 1.88 ± 0.2 | 1.92 ± 0.35 | 0.0315 |
| HFpEF | 219 (42%) | 223 (71%) | <0.0001 |
| HFmrEF | 21 (4%) | 11 (3.5%) | 0.7009 |
| HFrEF | 14 (2.7%) | 9 (2.9%) | 0.8784 |
| Other | 267 (51.2%) | 71 (22.6%) | <0.0001 |
| Cardiac haemodynamic data | |||
| Heart rate (bpm) | 77.2 ± 14.0 | 73.6 ± 14.4 | 0.0004 |
| Systolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 140.1 ± 24.7 | v | <0.0001 |
| Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 77.4 ± 12.2 | 78.3 ± 13.7 | 0.3192 |
| Mean arterial pressure (mmHg) | 101.1 ± 16.7 | 104.3 ± 18.9 | 0.012 |
| Mean PCWP (mmHg) | 10.1 ± 2.9 | 20.2 ± 5.1 | <0.0001 |
| Mean right atrial pressure (mmHg) | 7.6 ± 4.6 | 13.8 ± 5.2 | <0.0001 |
| Mean pulmonary artery pressure (mmHg) | 35.4 ± 14.4 | 42.2 ± 11.6 | <0.0001 |
| Systolic pulmonary artery pressure (mmHg) | 58.9 ± 24.9 | 68.5 ± 21.4 | <0.0001 |
| Diastolic pulmonary artery pressure (mmHg) | 20.0 ± 10.0 | 24.9 ± 8.3 | <0.0001 |
| Arterial oxygen saturations (%) | 94.4 ± 4.0 | 93.9 ± 4.5 | 0.0969 |
| Venous oxygen saturations (%) | 66.5 ± 8.2 | 64.9 ± 8.9 | 0.0087 |
| Cardiac output (L) | 5.0 ± 2.0 | 5.1 ± 1.8 | 0.7903 |
| Cardiac index (L/min/m2) | 2.7 ± 1.1 | 2.7 ± 0.89 | 0.9211 |
| CMR data | |||
| Left ventricular end-diastolic volume (mL) | 103.0 ± 31.8 | 121.7 ± 42.4 | <0.0001 |
| Left ventricular end-systolic volume (mL) | 34.4 ± 16.9 | 42.5 ± 26.7 | <0.0001 |
| Left ventricular stroke volume (mL) | 68.6 ± 22.7 | 79.5 ± 25.9 | <0.0001 |
| Left ventricular ejection fraction (%) | 67.0 ± 10.9 | 66.5 ± 11.9 | 0.5322 |
| Left ventricular mass (g) | 93.3 ± 30.1 | 105.7 ± 38.0 | <0.0001 |
| Right ventricular end-diastolic volume (mL) | 140.4 ± 60.8 | 159.5 ± 62.2 | <0.0001 |
| Right ventricular end-systolic volume (mL) | 82.2 ± 49.7 | 90.1 ± 47.9 | 0.024 |
| Right ventricular stroke volume (mL) | 58.2 ± 24.4 | 69.4 ± 28.6 | <0.0001 |
| Right ventricular ejection fraction (%) | 43.7 ± 13.9 | 45.2 ± 13.1 | 0.1365 |
| Left atrial volume (cm3) | 62.1 ± 28.3 | 104.4 ± 51.0 | <0.0001 |
| Left ventricular end-diastolic volume (mL) (indexed) | 54.8 ± 15.5 | 63.7 ± 21.5 | <0.0001 |
| Left ventricular end-systolic volume (mL) (indexed) | 18.2 ± 8.6 | 22.2 ± 13.9 | <0.0001 |
| Left ventricular stroke volume (mL) (indexed) | 36.6 ± 11.5 | 41.6 ± 13.2 | <0.0001 |
| Left ventricular ejection fraction (%) (indexed) | 49.3 ± 13.3 | 55.0 ± 18.7 | <0.0001 |
| Left ventricular mass (g) (indexed) | 74.7 ± 30.4 | 83.5 ± 32.0 | 0.0001 |
| Right ventricular end-diastolic volume (mL) (indexed) | 43.5 ± 25.2 | 47.2 ± 25.0 | 0.0433 |
| Right ventricular end-systolic volume (mL) (indexed) | 31.1 ± 12.8 | 36.3 ± 14.5 | <0.0001 |
RHC, right heart catheterization; PCWP, pulmonary capillary wedge pressure; HFpEF, heart failure with preserved ejection fraction; HFmrEF, heart failure with mid-range ejection fraction; HFrEF, heart failure with reduced ejection fraction.