Table 2.
Patient characteristics, cardiac haemodynamic data and cardiac magnetic resonance data stratified by derivation and validation cohort
| Derivation cohort (n = 708) | Validation cohort (n = 127) | P-value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 66.3 ± 13.2 | 66.0 ± 12.7 | 0.82 |
| Male sex | 295 (42%) | 43 (34%) | 0.10 |
| Body surface area (m2) | 1.91 ± 0.25 | 1.87 ± 0.22 | 0.22 |
| HFpEF | 371 (52%) | 71 (56%) | 0.47 |
| HFmEF | 29 (4.1%) | 3 (2.4%) | 0.34 |
| HFrEF | 15 (2.1%) | 8 (6.3%) | 0.008 |
| Other | 293 (41%) | 45 (35%) | 0.20 |
| Heart rate (bpm) | 76.0 ± 14.2 | 75.2 ± 14.7 | 0.5670 |
| Systolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 143.0 ± 26.2 | 145.6 ± 30.3 | 0.3174 |
| Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 77.5 ± 12.6 | 78.9 ± 14.0 | 0.2644 |
| Mean arterial pressure (mmHg) | 102.0 ± 17.5 | 103.9 ± 18.9 | 0.2854 |
| Mean PCWP (mmHg) | 14.0 ± 6.2 | 13.4 ± 6.3 | 0.2866 |
| Mean right atrial pressure (mmHg) | 10.2 ± 5.8 | 8.5 ± 5.2 | 0.0016 |
| Mean pulmonary artery pressure (mmHg) | 38.4 ± 13.7 | 35.4 ± 14.0 | 0.0265 |
| Systolic pulmonary artery pressure (mmHg) | 63.3 ± 24.1 | 58.3 ± 23.2 | 0.0317 |
| Diastolic pulmonary artery pressure (mmHg) | 22.2 ± 9.6 | 20.1 ± 10.1 | 0.0230 |
| Arterial oxygen saturations (%) | 94.0 ± 4.3 | 95.4 ± 3.5 | 0.0006 |
| Venous oxygen saturations (%) | 65.7 ± 8.4 | 67.2 ± 9,1 | 0.0866 |
| Cardiac output (L) | 5.0 ± 2.0 | 4.9 ± 1.5 | 0.5523 |
| Cardiac index (L/min/m2) | 2.7 ± 1.0 | 2.7 ± 0.8 | 0.8798 |
| Left ventricular end-diastolic volume (mL) | 110.4 ± 37.7 | 107.8 ± 34.7 | 0.4551 |
| Left ventricular end-systolic volume (mL) | 37.4 ± 20.6 | 37.9 ± 25.9 | 0.8106 |
| Left ventricular stroke volume (mL) | 73.21 ± 24.7 | 69.9 ± 23.2 | 0.1587 |
| Left ventricular ejection fraction (%) | 66.9 ± 10.7 | 66.2 ± 13.7 | 0.5272 |
| Left ventricular mass (g) | 96.6 ± 32.1 | 105.4 ± 41.1 | 0.007 |
| Right ventricular end-diastolic volume (mL) | 149.3 ± 62.5 | 138.2 ± 58.0 | 0.0617 |
| Right ventricular end-systolic volume (mL) | 86.8 ± 49.8 | 76.3 ± 44.7 | 0.0275 |
| Right ventricular stroke volume (mL) | 62.6 ± 26.7 | 61.8 ± 26.0 | 0.7679 |
| Right ventricular ejection fraction (%) | 43.9 ± 13.5 | 46.5 ± 13.9 | 0.0454 |
| Left atrial volume (cm3) | 80.0 ± 43.8 | 72.5 ± 41.7 | 0.1239 |
| Left ventricular end-diastolic volume (mL) (indexed) | 58.2 ± 18.5 | 58.1 ± 19.1 | 0.9784 |
| Left ventricular end-systolic volume (mL) (indexed) | 19.6 ± 10.2 | 20.5 ± 14.9 | 0.3908 |
| Left ventricular stroke volume (mL) (indexed) | 38.6 ± 12.4 | 37.6 ± 12.4 | 0.3881 |
| Left ventricular ejection fraction (%) (indexed) | 50.6 ± 14.4 | 56.4 ± 21.4 | 0.0001 |
| Left ventricular mass (g) (indexed) | 78.8 ± 31.6 | 73.7 ± 29.1 | 0.0911 |
| Right ventricular end-diastolic volume (mL) (indexed) | 45.7 ± 25.6 | 40.5 ± 22.2 | 0.0319 |
| Right ventricular end-systolic volume (mL) (indexed) | 33.0 ± 13.7 | 33.2 ± 14.0 | 0.9438 |