Table 2:
Adjusted associations between predictor variables and death, and points for the CCEDRRN COVID-19 Mortality Score
| Variable | Estimate (SE) | OR (95% CI) | Points |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age, yr* | 2.85 (0.00–41.00) | 17.30 (7.75–38.60) | |
| < 40 | 0 | ||
| 40–49 | 4 | ||
| 50–59 | 5 | ||
| 60–69 | 6 | ||
| 70–79 | 7 | ||
| ≥ 80 | 8 | ||
| Sex | |||
| Male | Ref | Ref | 1 |
| Female | −0.61 (0.12) | 0.54 (0.43–0.69) | 0 |
| Arrival from | |||
| Home or community | Ref | Ref | 0 |
| No fixed address | 0.17 (0.63) | 1.19 (0.35–4.09) | 0 |
| Institution | 0.59 (0.14) | 1.80 (1.38–2.35) | 1 |
| Arrival mode | |||
| Self | Ref | Ref | 0 |
| Ambulance or police | 0.63 (0.15) | 1.89 (1.41–2.52) | 1 |
| Chest pain | −0.80 (0.24) | 0.45 (0.28–0.72) | −1 |
| Moderate/severe liver disease | 1.94 (0.50) | 6.95 (2.61–18.50) | 2 |
| Arrival respiratory rate, breaths/min† | 0.29 (0.10) | 1.34 (1.09–1.63) | |
| < 20 | 0 | ||
| 20–29 | 2 | ||
| ≥ 30 | 3 | ||
| Mode and level of oxygen in emergency department | |||
| No oxygen | Ref | Ref | 0 |
| Nasal prongs, < 6 L/min | 0.70 (0.14) | 2.00 (1.53–2.62) | 1 |
| Face mask, simple rebreather or nasal prongs, ≥ 6 L/min | 1.94 (0.19) | 6.98 (4.79–10.16) | 2 |
| BiPAP/CPAP/HFNO | 2.56 (0.27) | 12.98 (7.62–22.08) | 3 |
| Intubation | 2.53 (0.29) | 12.50 (7.11–21.98) | 3 |
Note: BiPAP = bilevel positive airway pressure, CCEDRRN = Canadian COVID-19 Emergency Department Rapid Response Network, CI = confidence interval, CPAP = continuous positive airway pressure, HFNO = high-flow nasal oxygen, OR = odds ratio, Ref = reference category, SE = standard error.
*
Odds ratio was calculated for the upper quartile (70 yr) versus the lower quartile (39 yr).
†
Odds ratio was calculated for the upper quartile (22 breaths/min) versus the lower quartile (18 breaths/min).