Table 2.

Distribution of Performance Parameters (Mean or %) in Relation to Confounders

Belief Updating Indicesa	Female			Low Incomeb			Low Maternal Educationc			Low IQd			High SCZ PRSe
	Yes	No	p	Yes	No	p	Yes	No	p	Yes	No	p	Yes	No	p
Average DTD	4.7	5.0	<.001	4.7	4.9	<.001	4.7	4.9	<.001	4.5	4.9	<.001	4.9	4.8	.129
Cost of Sampling	0.25	0.08	.002	0.25	0.17	.535	0.21	0.19	.582	0.11	0.21	.011	0.17	0.20	.321
Decision Noise	−0.05	−0.11	.164	0.03	−0.10	<.001	0.10	−0.11	<.001	0.28	−0.17	<.001	−0.06	−0.07	.565
Contrary Updating	1.81	1.60	<.001	1.9	1.7	<.001	1.97	1.7	<.001	2.38	1.55	<.001	1.81	1.71	.264
Reversal Probability	0.27	0.25	.001	0.28	0.26	.014	0.28	0.26	.008	0.31	0.25	<.001	0.28	0.26	.001
Adjustment Rate	0.65	0.65	.052	0.65	0.65	.204	0.65	0.65	.392	0.66	0.64	<.001	0.65	0.65	.780
Low Confidencef	45.7%	48.1%	.102	46.0%	46.7%	.727	47.3%	46.5%	.462	46.0%	46.8%	.513	49.6%	45.9%	.031
High Confidenceg	31.8%	32.5%		31.8%	32.1%		33.6%	31.7%		32.8%	31.9%		28.1%	33.0%
Inference Length	6.9	6.40	.017	6.8	6.7	.712	6.7	6.7	.715	6.7	6.7	.952	6.6	0.67	.821
Response Noise	−3.0	−2.89	<.001	−2.9	−3.0	<.001	−2.8	−3.0	<.001	−2.7	−3.1	<.001	−3.0	−3.0	.861

DTD, draws-to-decision; GCSE, General Certificate of Secondary Education; PRS, polygenic risk score; SCZ, schizophrenia.

^aAverage DTD and contrary updating are behavioral measures; all others are computational.

^bBottom quintile of average parental income.

^cNo GCSEs.

^dBottom quintile.

^eTop quintile.

^fBottom tertile vs. middle.

^gTop tertile vs. middle. Sample based on imputed estimates. p values based on analyses using continuous/ordinal measures of confounders where available rather than binary ones. Note that characteristics have been dichotomized for descriptive purposes only, with nondichotomized variables used in the analyses.