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. 2022 Jul 6;12:11444. doi: 10.1038/s41598-022-15020-0

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© The Author(s) 2022

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Identification of key PD-L1 related genes. (A) Protein–protein interactions (PPI) displayed the top 20 important proteins of differentially expressed genes using MCC algorithm. The color darkness indicates the importance of the protein in the network. (B) A key sub-network consisting of 21 nodes was constructed by the plug-in MCODE in Cytoscape. (C) The Venn diagram showed eight PD-L1 related genes by overlapping the WGCNA module gene set (117 genes), the MCC algorithm gene set (20 genes) and the MCODE sub-network gene set (21 genes). (D) Correlation analysis of PD-L1 and enriched genes in PI3K-AKT signaling pathway and ECM-receptor interaction. Blue represents positive correlation and red represents negative correlation. (E) Overall recapitulation of DEGs enriched in the ECM/PI3K-AKT signaling pathway.