Table 2.
Comparison of cognition and other non-motor symptoms in de novo Parkinsonian patients with or without MCI.
| Variable | MCI | Non-MCI | P value |
|---|---|---|---|
| K-MMSE, score | 24.4 ± 4.4 | 27.3 ± 2.1 | 0.0015 |
| Cognitive subdomain (composite %ile) | |||
| Attention and working memory | 79.7 ± 21.3 | 80.0 ± 19.3 | 0.945 |
| Language | 41.4 ± 33.0 | 68.6 ± 19.0 | < 0.001 |
| Memory | 13.3 ± 19.1 | 47.8 ± 23.9 | < 0.001 |
| Visuospatial function | 32.5 ± 29.6 | 59.7 ± 30.0 | < 0.001 |
| Executive function | 18.5 ± 21.0 | 54.7 ± 26.3 | < 0.001 |
| BDI (depression) | 12.9 ± 9.1 | 6.9 ± 5.1 | 0.015 |
| BAI (anxiety) | 8.0 ± 6.8 | 5.9 ± 6.1 | 0.380 |
| PFS (fatigue) | 45.7 ± 17.6 | 38.2 ± 14.9 | 0.473 |
| SCOPA-AUT (dysautonomia) | |||
| Gastrointestinal (GI) domain | 4.5 (2–7) | 1 (0–3) | 0.003a |
| Urinary (UR) domain | 8.5 (5.25–11.75) | 4 (2.25–6) | 0.005a |
| Cardiovascular (CV) domain | 1 (0–2) | 0 (0–0) | 0.005a |
| Thermoregulatory (TR) domain | 1 (0–2) | 0 (0–0.75) | 0.047a |
| Pilomotor (PM) domain | 0 (0–0) | 0 (0–0) | 0.520a |
| Total dysautonomia | 17.1 ± 8.4 | 9.0 ± 6.5 | < 0.001 |
Data are shown as mean ± S.D., or median (interquartile range) values.
MCI, mild cognitive impairment; K-MMSE, Korean version of mini-mental state examination; BDI, Beck depression inventory; BAI, Beck anxiety inventory; PFS, Parkinson’s disease fatigue scale; SCOPA-AUT, the Scale for Outcomes in Parkinson’s disease-Autonomic questionnaire.
Statistical analyses were conducted with Chi square test for categorical variables, and Student t-test or Mann–Whitney U test afor continuous variables.
Significant values are in bold.