TABLE 2.

Comparison of changes in oxygenated hemoglobin during verbal fluency test according to groups.

(Unit: μ mol)	MDD without suicidality (n = 31)		MDD with suicidality (n = 23)		Healthy controls (n = 55)		RM-ANOVA			RM-ANCOVAa			Permutation test
	Mean	SD	Mean	SD	Mean	SD	F	p	p for interactionb	F	p	p for interactionb	p
Total prefrontal cortex	0.491	1.071	0.167	0.847	0.726	0.894	1.780	0.175	0.233	2.152	0.123	0.250	0.012
Right prefrontal cortex	0.687	1.317	0.150	1.010	0.793	1.019	1.471	0.235	0.511	1.775	0.176	0.335	0.015
Left prefrontal cortex	0.295	0.895	0.185	0.803	0.658	0.825	2.466	0.091	0.136	2.891	0.061	0.473	0.015
Right DLPFC	0.703	1.641	0.303	1.265	0.669	1.051	0.528	0.592	0.486	0.742	0.479	0.586	0.843
Right VLPFC	1.392	1.905	0.333	1.728	1.304	1.506	1.948	0.149	0.597	2.542	0.085	0.071	0.075
Right FPC	0.412	1.133	−0.019	0.809	0.586	0.900	2.180	0.119	0.373	2.385	0.099	0.255	0.005
Right VMPFC	0.366	1.177	−0.043	1.087	0.716	1.061	2.069	0.132	0.661	2.786	0.068	0.791	0.015
Left DLPFC	0.369	1.094	0.325	1.094	0.538	0.734	0.828	0.440	0.184	1.501	0.229	0.646	0.222
Left VLPFC	0.751	1.111	0.253	0.940	0.938	1.121	2.687	0.074	0.405	2.086	0.131	0.825	0.009
Left FPC	0.324	1.200	−0.007	0.768	0.662	0.963	3.596	0.031	0.532	5.009	0.009	0.650	0.013
Left VMPFC	−0.125	1.138	0.266	0.824	0.459	1.040	1.995	0.142	0.402	1.954	0.148	0.431	0.111

MDD, major depressive disorder; DLPFC, dorsolateral prefrontal cortex; VLPFC, ventrolateral prefrontal cortex; FPC, frontopolar cortex; VMPFC, ventromedial prefrontal cortex.

^aAdjusted by age, sex, systolic blood pressure, heart rate, alcohol intake, smoking status, and years of education.

^bp-values for interactions between time (visit) and group.