. 2022 Jun 23;9:847580. doi: 10.3389/fvets.2022.847580

Table 3.

Effects of dietary supplementation of various levels of eugenol nanoemulsion on growth performance parameters of broilers challenged with E. coli O78 at 14 days of age.

	NC	PC	Eugenol nanoemulsion (mg/kg diet)			P-value	SEM
			100	250	400
Starter (1–10 days)
BW (g/bird)	312^d	318^c	319^c	332^b	341^a	<0.001	5.91
BWG (g/bird)	267^d	272^c	274^c	286^b	295^a	<0.001	5.29
FCR	1.29^a	1.29^a	1.29^a	1.25^b	1.20^a	<0.001	3.8
FI (g/bird)	346^c	352^bc	354^ab	359^a	354^ab	<0.001	7.41
Grower (11–20 days)
BW (g/bird)	1236^e	1087^d	1211^c	1299^b	1322^a	<0.001	8.6
BWG (g/bird)	924^e	769^d	892^c	967^b	981^a	<0.001	9.4
FCR	1.64^bc	2.00^a	1.70^b	1.65^bc	1.61^c	<0.001	<0.001
FI (g/bird)	1517^c	1534^bc	1516^c	1594^a	1578^ab	<0.001	3.91
Finisher (21–35 days)
BW (g/bird)	2479^b	1996^d	2245^c	2481^b	2635^a	<0.001	3.2
BWG (g/bird)	1243^b	909^d	1034^c	1182^b	1313^a	<0.001	9.2
FCR	1.68^e	2.53^a	1.97^b	1.84^c	1.74^d	<0.001	<0.001
FI (g/bird)	2092^c	2299^a	2038^d	2178^b	2288^a	<0.001	4.90
Allover (1–35 days)
BWG (g/bird)	2434^b	1951^d	2199^c	2435^b	2589^a	<0.001	3.38
FI (g/bird)	3954^c	4184^ab	3909^c	4131^b	4221^a	<0.001	5.5
FCR	1.62^d	2.15^a	1.78^b	1.70^c	1.63^d	<0.001	<0.001
Survivability (%)	96^a	64^c	86^b	90^a	96^a	<0.001	1.5

BW, body weight; BWG, body weight gain; FI, feed intake; FCR, feed conversion ratio; NC (negative control), birds fed on basal diet; PC (positive control), birds fed on basal diet and challenged with E. coli at day 14 of age; SEM, standard error of the mean. Means with different superscripts within the same row differ significantly (p <0.05).