Table 4.
Lifetime internalizing mental health disorders (diagnosis) and group comparisons.
| Lifetime diagnosis, n (%) | CTE (n = 161) | nCTE (n = 96) | Group comparison a | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total | Female | Male | Total | Female | Male | X2 | p | |
| Anxiety disorders | ||||||||
| Separation anxiety | 24 (14.9) | 14 (17.9) | 10 (12.0) | 6 (6.3) | 1 (2.4) | 5 (9.1) | 4.501 | * |
| Panic disorder | 16 (9.9) | 7 (9.0) | 9 (10.8) | 8 (8.3) | 3 (7.3) | 5 (9.1) | 0.206 | 0.650 |
| Agoraphobia | 13 (8.1) | 8 (10.3) | 5 (6.0) | 3 (3.1) | 2 (4.9) | 1 (1.8) | 2.589 | 0.108 |
| Social phobia | 25 (15.5) | 13 (16.7) | 12 (14.5) | 7 (7.3) | 2 (4.9) | 5 (9.1) | 3.868 | * |
| Specific phobia | 20 (12.4) | 12 (15.4) | 8 (9.6) | 4 (4.2) | 3 (7.3) | 1 (1.8) | 4.958 | * |
| Generalized anxiety | 17 (10.6) | 9 (11.5) | 8 (9.6) | 7 (7.3) | 3 (7.3) | 4 (7.3) | 0.805 | 0.370 |
| Depressive disorders | ||||||||
| Dysthymia | 35 (21.7) | 17 (21.8) | 18 (21.7) | 9 (9.4) | 5 (12.2) | 4 (7.3) | 6.690 | ** |
| Major depression | 65 (40.4) | 35 (44.9) | 30 (36.1) | 25 (26.0) | 14 (34.1) | 11 (20.0) | 5.782 | * |
a
Group comparison between the total number of each group.
CTE, complex trauma exposure group; nCTE, no complex trauma exposure group; X2, Pearson's Chi-squared test; p, p-value; *p < 0.05; **p < 0.01; ***p ≤ 0.001.