Table 3.

The effect of oral semaglutide compared to that of placebo or GLP-1 RA comparator on HbA1c. Data are presented as mean difference and 95% CI.

Study ID	HbA1c difference (%) [95% CI]	P value	Weight difference (kg) [95% CI]	P value
Aroda et al., 2019 (PIONEER 1) [29]	3.0 mg = -0.70 [-0.90, −0.50] 7.0 mg = -1.25 [-1.50, −1.00] 14.0 mg = -1.45 [-1.70, −1.20]	P < 0.001	3.0 mg = -0.20 [-1.00, 0.60] 7.0 mg = -1.00 [-1.80, −0.20] 14.0 mg = -2.60 [-3.40, −1.80]	3.0 mg = P = 0.71 7.0 mg = P = 0.01 14.0 mg = P < 0.001
Mosenzon et al., 2019 (PIONEER 5) [32]	14.0 mg = -1.00 [-1.20, −0.80]	P < 0.0001	14.0 mg =  −2.70 [-3.50, −1.90]	P < 0.0001
Pratley et al., 2019 (PIONEER 4) [38]	14.0 mg = -1.40 [-1.60, −1.20] GLP = -0.30 [-0.40, −0.10]	14.0 mg = P = 0.0012 GLP = P < 0.0001	14.0 mg = -3.8 [-4.80, −2.70] GLP = -1.80 [-2.60, −1.00]	P < 0.0001
Yabe et al., 2020 (PIONEER 10) [31]	GLP = -0.50 [-0.80, −0.20]	P = 0.0007	GLP = -3.00 [-4.00, −2.00]	P < 0.0001
Yamada et al., 2020 (PIONEER 9) [30]	3.0 mg = -0.85 [-1.20, −0.50] 7.0 mg = -1.30 [-1.60, −1.00] 14.0 mg = -1.40 [-1.70, −1.10] GLP = -0.30 [-0.70, 0.10]	P < 0.0001 GLP = P = 0.1005	3.0 mg = 0.30 [-0.80, 1.40] 7.0 mg = -0.20 [-1.30, 0.90] 14.0 mg = -2.00 [-3.10, −0.90] GLP = -2.65 [-3.80, −1.50]	3.0 mg = P = 0.5918 7.0 mg = P = 0.7021 14.0 mg = P = 0.0003 GLP = P < 0.0001
Zinman et al., 2019a (PIONEER 8) [39]	3.0 mg = -0.55 [-0.80, −0.30] 7.0 mg = -0.90 [-1.10, −0.60] 14.0 mg = -1.30 [-1.50, −1.00]	P < 0.0001	3.0 mg = -1.65 [-2.60, −0.70] 7.0 mg = -3.55 [-4.50, −2.60] 14.0 mg = -4.90 [-5.90, −3.90]	P < 0.001