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. 2022 Jun 23;15:927149. doi: 10.3389/fnmol.2022.927149

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Copyright © 2022 Williams, Johnson, Lee, Hemmings and Platholi.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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BDNF exocytosis is reduced by isoflurane. Representative images of rat hippocampal neurons (18DIV) transfected with mCherry (not shown) and BDNF-pH showing single BDNF exocytotic events (white circles) before (A, left) and after (A, right) tetanic stimulation (B, lightning bolt) showing asynchronous release of BDNF-pH (B, left). Individual traces represent single BDNF exocytosis shown in different colors. Quantification of BDNF exocytosis defined using fluorescence responses to tetanic stimulation showed inhibition by 0.5–0.7 mM isoflurane (C) (***p < 0.001 by Student’s paired t-test). Data are mean ± SD; n = 10 neurons per experimental group and 23–113 BDNF events selected for each condition. Scale bar = 5 μm.