Table 3. Sociodemographics, attitudes, and perceptions of participants have of robotic surgery in those who preferred robotic surgery and those who did not.
| Total (n=472) | Prefers robotic surgery (n=159) | Does not prefer robotic surgery (n=313) | Univariate analysis | Multivariate analysis* | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|
|
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| OR (95% CI) | P-value | OR (95% CI) | P-value | ||||
| Age | 0.94 (0.64–1.37) | 0.733 | - | - | |||
| 21–40 | 262 (55.5) | 90 (56.6) | 172 (55.0) | ||||
| >40 | 210 (44.5) | 69 (43.4) | 141 (45.0) | ||||
| Highest educational level | 1.26 (0.82–1.95) | 0.296 | - | - | |||
| Lower education (secondary school or lower) | 130 (27.5) | 39 (24.5) | 91 (29.1) | ||||
| Higher education (diploma or higher) | 342 (72.5) | 120 (75.5) | 222 (70.9) | ||||
| Type of housing | 0.96 (0.60–1.55) | 0.871 | - | - | |||
| Lower purchasing power (Executive or Housing Development Board flats) | 375 (79.4) | 127 (79.9) | 248 (79.2) | ||||
| Higher purchasing power (Condominium and private flats) | 97 (20.6) | 32 (20.1) | 65 (20.8) | ||||
| Perceptions of robotic surgery compared to non-robotic surgery | |||||||
| Faster | 221 (46.8) | 83 (52.2) | 138 (44.1) | 1.39 (0.94–2.03) | 0.095 | 1.32 (0.89–1.96) | 0.163 |
| Safer | 138 (29.2) | 44 (27.7) | 94 (30.0) | 0.89 (0.58–1.36) | 0.594 | - | - |
| Better results | 137 (29.0) | 56 (35.2) | 81 (25.9) | 1.56 (1.03–2.35) | 0.035 | 1.61 (1.06–2.45) | 0.026 |
| Less painful | 66 (14.0) | 29 (18.2) | 37 (11.8) | 1.66 (0.98–2.82) | 0.057 | 1.62 (0.95–2.77) | 0.078 |
| Costly | 212 (44.9) | 77 (48.4) | 135 (43.1) | 1.24 (0.84–1.82) | 0.274 | - | - |
| Concerns regarding robotic surgery | |||||||
| Robot malfunctions causing internal damage | 373 (79.0) | 127 (79.9) | 246 (78.6) | 1.08 (0.67–1.73) | 0.747 | 1.07 (0.66–1.73) | 0.782 |
| Robot performs wrong procedure | 260 (55.1) | 70 (44.0) | 190 (60.7) | 0.51 (0.35–0.75) | 0.001 | 0.51 (0.35–0.76) | 0.001 |
| Perceptions of surgeons trained in robotic surgery | - | 0.899 | - | - | |||
| More skilled | 154 (32.6) | 52 (32.7) | 102 (32.6) | ||||
| Similar | 257 (54.4) | 88 (55.3) | 169 (54.0) | ||||
| Less skilled | 61 (12.9) | 19 (11.9) | 42 (13.4) | ||||
| Perceptions of hospitals using robotic surgery | - | 0.136 | - | - | |||
| Better | 201 (42.6) | 77 (48.4) | 124 (39.6) | ||||
| Similar | 253 (53.6) | 75 (47.2) | 178 (56.9) | ||||
| Worse | 18 (3.8) | 7 (4.4) | 11 (3.5) | ||||
*
Multivariate analysis was performed using logistic regression to address for potential confounding factors on participants’ preference for robotic surgery: Age, gender, ethnicity, educational level, employment status, type of housing, interest in scientific discoveries, and prior experience with robots, CI: Confidence interval; OR: Odds ratio