Table 5.

Clinical characteristics associated with the risk of developing vitamin D deficiency in adolescents with metabolic syndrome (n=57)

Characteristic	OR (95% CI)	P-value
Sex (boys vs. girls)	2.49 (1.12–5.61)	0.042*
Income per family member below the average/income per family member average or above the average	2.50 (1.10–5.50)	0.040*
Milk consumption up to 1 cup per day/milk consumption from 1 to 3 cups a day and more	7.67 (3.15–18.80)	0.001*
Physical activity up to 2 hours per week/ physical activity more than 2 hours per week	4.23 (1.87–9.62)	0.001*
Daily stay outdoor up to 30 min per day/ daily stay outdoor more than 30 min per day	6.25 (2.60–15.02)	0.001*
Time spent at a computer or in front of a TV from 2 to 4 hours per day/time spent at the computer or in front of the TV up to 2 hours per day	5.14 (2.17–12.13)	0.001*

OR, odds ratio; CI, confidence interval.

^*P<0.05, statistically significant difference.