Table 2.
Study measures/outcomes and variable definitions.
| Measure | Condition(s)/Factor(s) of Interest |
|---|---|
| Adult AIDS Clinical Trials Group (AACTG) | Supplement adherence |
| Beverage Intake Questionnaire (BEVQ-15) | Frequency/quantity of intake of beverages |
| Bristol Stool Scale | Number of daily bowel movements and consistency of stool |
| C-reactive protein (CRP)a | Inflammation |
| Clinician Administered PTSD Scale-5 (CAPS-5) | Current PTSD diagnosis |
| Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ) | Childhood abuse experiences |
| COVID-19 Questionnaire | Impact of COVID-19 pandemic and stressors related to the pandemic |
| Credibility Scale | Sense of supplementation credibility |
| D-amino acid oxidase (DAO)b | Intestinal permeability |
| Expectancy Scale | Expectations regarding supplementation |
| Fatty acid binding protein 2 (FABP2)b | Intestinal permeability |
| Generic Assessment of Side Effects (GASE) | Medication side effects |
| Generic Assessment of Side Effects – Probiotics (GASE-P) | Supplement side effects |
| Heart rate variability (HRV) | Physiological stress |
| Height and weight | Body Mass Index (BMI) |
| Interleukin (IL)-6, interferon gamma (IFNγ), tumor necrosis factor (TNF), IL-1α, IL-1β, IL-12p70, IL-8, IL-4, and IL-10b | Inflammation |
| Insomnia Severity Index (ISI) | Insomnia symptom severity |
| International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) | Physical activity |
| Irritable Bowel Syndrome Severity Scoring System (IBS-SSS) | Severity and frequency of abdominal pain and abdominal distension, dissatisfaction with bowel habits, and interference with quality of life |
| Medications Log | Current medications and dosage |
| Modified Iowa Gambling Task (mIGT) | Decision making |
| Modified Morisky Medication-Taking Adherence Scale (MMAS) | Supplement adherence |
| Modified Treatment Satisfaction Questionnaire (TSQM v1.4) | Supplement side effects |
| National Health Interview Survey (NHIS) - Chronic Conditions | Chronic health symptoms |
| National Institutes of Health Daily Food List | Food intake |
| Ohio State University Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) Identification Method (OSU TBI-ID) | Lifetime history of TBI |
| Patient Health Questionnaire-9 | Depression symptom severity |
| Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index | Subjective sleep duration |
| Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Checklist for DSM-5 (PCL-5)b | PTSD symptom severity |
| Probiotic Food Check List | Consumption of probiotic-containing food products |
| Psychological Stress Measure (PSM)b | Perceived stress |
| Rocky Mountain MIRECC Demographic Form | Demographics |
| Rome IV Diagnostic Questionnaire for the Adult Functional GI Disorders | Digestive system disorders |
| Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-5-Research Version (SCID-5 for DSM-5, Research Version; SCID-5-RV, Version 1.0.0) | Axis I psychiatric disorders |
| Supplement Usage Log | Date, time, and amount of each probiotic dose |
| Test of Memory and Malingering (TOMM) | Memory |
| University of Washington Risk Assessment Protocol-Revised (UWRAP) | Risk assessment |
| Veterans RAND 36, 36-Item Short Form Survey (SF-36) - RAND Corporation | Health-related quality of life |
| Visual Analog Scale (VAS)b | Perceived stress |
a
Primary outcome.
b
Additional outcomes measures.