Table 3. Dementia Risk Factor Prevalences and Population Attributable Fractions Among US Adults, Overall and by Race and Ethnicity.
| Risk factor | Total population | Hispanic | Non-Hispanic Asian | Non-Hispanic Black | Non-Hispanic White | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Prevalence, % | PAF, % (95% CI) | Prevalence, % | PAF, % (95% CI) | Prevalence, % | PAF, % (95% CI) | Prevalence, % | PAF, % (95% CI) | Prevalence, % | PAF, % (95% CI) | |
| Less education | 10.7 | 6.0 (2.7-9.8) | 27.1 | 14.0% (6.6-21.5) | 6.4 | 3.7 (1.6-6.1) | 10.6 | 6.0% (2.7-9.7) | 5.5 | 3.2 (1.4-5.3) |
| Hearing loss | 10.8 | 8.9 (3.9-15.7) | 13.1 | 10.5 (4.7-18.5) | 6.9 | 5.8 (2.6-10.7) | 6.5 | 5.5 (2.4-10.1) | 10.6 | 8.7 (3.9-15.7) |
| TBI | 17.1 | 12.0 (8.5-17.0) | 10.3 | 7.6 (5.3-11.0) | 6.0 | 4.6 (3.1-6.7) | 9.2 | 6.9 (4.7-9.9) | 20.1 | 13.9 (9.8-19.4) |
| Hypertension | 42.2 | 20.2 (6.3-34.4) | 38.5 | 18.8 (5.8-32.3) | 38.5 | 18.8 (5.8-32.3) | 61.0 | 26.8 (8.9-43.1) | 39.8 | 19.3 (6.0-33.0) |
| Excessive alcohol | 3.6 | 0.7 (0.2-1.1) | 2.0 | 0.4 (0.1-0.6) | 0.7 | 0.1 (0.0-0.2) | 2.7 | 0.5 (0.2-0.8) | 4.2 | 0.8 (0.3-1.3) |
| Obesity | 44.0 | 20.9 (13.0-28.8) | 48.3 | 22.5 (14.1-30.8) | 14.6 | 8.1 (4.7-11.8) | 54.3 | 24.6 (15.6-33.3) | 43.5 | 20.7 (12.9-28.6) |
| Smoking | 8.5 | 4.9 (1.3-9.3) | 6.9 | 4.0 (1.0-7.6) | 4.9 | 2.9 (0.7-5.6) | 11.7 | 6.6 (1.7-12.3) | 8.4 | 4.8 (1.1-9.2) |
| Depression | 7.4 | 6.2 (3.9-9.0) | 10.7 | 8.8 (5.6-12.5) | 4.3 | 3.7 (2.3-5.4) | 6.6 | 5.6 (3.5-8.1) | 7.2 | 6.1 (3.8-8.7) |
| Social isolation | 11.9 | 6.7 (3.7-9.2) | 24.0 | 12.6 (7.1-16.9) | 8.0 | 4.6 (2.5-6.4) | 12.1 | 6.8 (3.7-9.3) | 10.8 | 6.1 (3.3-8.4) |
| Physical inactivity | 62.8 | 20.1 (9.1-29.6) | 68.6 | 21.5 (9.9-31.5) | 56.6 | 18.5 (8.3-27.5) | 73.2 | 22.6 (10.5-32.9) | 61.3 | 19.7 (8.9-29.1) |
| Diabetes | 28.6 | 12.5 (8.6-18.4) | 41.0 | 17.0 (11.9-24.5) | 44.1 | 18.1 (12.7-25.8) | 37.2 | 15.7 (10.9-22.7) | 25.4 | 11.3 (7.7-16.7) |
| Air pollution | 22.8 | 2.2 (1.6-2.4) | 44.4 | 4.3 (3.0-4.7) | 55.2 | 5.2 (3.7-5.7) | 41.3 | 4.0 (2.8-4.3) | 17.2 | 1.7 (1.2-1.9) |
| Combined factorsa | NA | 41.0 (22.7-55.9) | NA | 46.7 (27.3-61.5) | NA | 35.8 (19.5-49.9) | NA | 45.6 (25.7-60.5) | NA | 39.4 (22.7-55.9) |
Abbreviations: NA, not applicable; PAF, population attributable fraction; TBI, traumatic brain injury.
a
Combined PAF estimate is weighted by risk factor communality. See Methods section for details.