FIG. 2.

Time-averaged measured (orange circles)⁵⁰ and instantaneous computed results (green lines) of the copper particle width-averaged streamwise velocity (normalized with the bulk velocity of ${\mathrm{U}}_0=$ 9.39 m/s) at different cross sections downstream of the step in the wind tunnel. The error bars represent one standard deviation (95% intervals) of the instantaneous computed results. The number in parenthesis corresponds to the location of each cross section downstream of the step. H is the height of the step (=2.7 cm), and z is the vertical coordinate.