Table 8.

Removal efficiency (%) of different contaminants and metal ions from the real refining wastewater at different locations by live biomass of Aspergillus sp. AHM69 and Penicillium sp. AHM96 under optimized conditions.

Parameter	Bioremoval efficiency (RE%)
	Mostorod refining wastewater (Cairo)		America refining wastewater (Alexandria)		Tanta refining wastewater (Delta)
	AHM69	AHM96	AHM69	AHM96	AHM69	AHM96
Calcium (Ca2+)	100.00 ± 0.39	100.00 ± 0.32	100.00 ± 0.44	100.00 ± 0.32	100.00 ± 0.40	100.00 ± 0.50
Potassium (K+)	79.18 ± 0.74	90.45 ± 0.98	76.61 ± 0.90	85.90 ± 0.70	80.35 ± 0.74	92.52 ± 0.86
Magnesium (Mg2+)	61.15 ± 0.30	76.54 ± 0.69	64.19 ± 0.38	80.24 ± 0.60	59.06 ± 0.29	73.46 ± 0.70
Sodium (Na+)	95.60 ± 0.79	90.25 ± 0.82	92.22 ± 0.73	90.11 ± 0.81	98.23 ± 0.90	93.08 ± 0.94
Aluminum (Al3+)	100.00 ± 0.67	100.00 ± 0.60	100.00 ± 0.73	100.00 ± 0.68	100.00 ± 0.70	100.00 ± 0.69
Iron (Fe3+)	100.00 ± 0.32	68.25 ± 0.20	100.00 ± 0.38	74.12 ± 0.24	100.00 ± 0.47	60.15 ± 0.30
Manganese (Mn2+)	100.00 ± 1.11	100.00 ± 0.98	100.00 ± 1.21	100.00 ± 0.99	100.00 ± 1.16	100.00 ± 0.94
Cupper (Cu2+)	100.00 ± 0.70	100.00 ± 0.75	100.00 ± 0.84	100.00 ± 0.79	100.00 ± 0.89	100.00 ± 0.69
Boron (B+)	84.13 ± 0.45	59.32 ± 0.24	79.02 ± 0.40	50.00 ± 0.20	73.41 ± 0.37	43.90 ± 0.25
Zinc (Zn2+)	100.00 ± 0.18	100.00 ± 0.24	100.00 ± 0.16	100.00 ± 0.19	100.00 ± 0.12	100.00 ± 0. 21
Barium (Ba2+)	36.86 ± 0.29	80.93 ± 0.50	45.20 ± 0.27	86.15 ± 0.60	34.59 ± 0.20	78.45 ± 0.73
Lead (Pb2+)	100.00 ± 1.02	100.00 ± 1.07	100.00 ± 1.11	100.00 ± 1.00	100.00 ± 0.92	100.00 ± 1.00
Cobalt (Co2+)	70.50 ± 0.38	100.00 ± 0.55	63.16 ± 0.30	100.00 ± 0.59	72.90 ± 0.44	100.00 ± 0.70
Nickel (Ni2+)	100.00 ± 0.45	100.00 ± 0.51	100.00 ± 0.60	100.00±±0.40	100.00 ± 0.44	100.00 ± 0.66
Arsenic (As3+)	100.00 ± 0.70	100.00 ± 0.56	100.00 ± 0.77	100.00 ± 0.63	100.00 ± 0.84	100.00 ± 0.66
Cadmium (Cd2+)	86.20 ± 0.65	100.00 ± 0.84	80.19 ± 0.60	100.00 ± 0.90	84.59 ± 0.71	100.00 ± 0.95
Silver (Ag+)	60.90 ± 0.88	94.59 ± 0.71	52.18 ± 0.80	91.37 ± 0.84	60.00 ± 0.96	85.18 ± 0.90
Chromium (Cr6+)	100.00 ± 0.60	100.00 ± 0.84	100.00 ± 0.60	100.00 ± 0.84	100.00 ± 0.60	100.00 ± 0.84
Mercury (Hg2+)	90.18 ± 0.33	60.70 ± 0.28	86.40 ± 0.29	50.11 ± 0.20	88.30 ± 0.30	44.91 ± 0.35
TPHs	100.00 ± 0.90	100.00 ± 1.20	100.00 ± 1.01	100.00 ± 1.13	100.00 ± 1.08	100.00 ± 1.18
PAHs	100.00 ± 1.00	100.00 ± 0.90	100.00 ± 1.00	100.00 ± 0.96	100.00 ± 1.00	100.00 ± 1.06
Phenols	100.00 ± 0.17	100.00 ± 0.40	100.00 ± 0.35	100.00 ± 0.26	100.22 ± 0.32	100.00 ± 0.20
Benzene, toluene, xylene ​(BTX)	100.00 ± 0.17	100.00 ± 0.40	100.00 ± 0.35	100.00 ± 0.26	100.22 ± 0.32	100.00 ± 0.20