Table 1. Baseline Demographic and Disease Characteristics of the Biologic Cohorts.
| Baseline demographic and disease characteristic | No. (%) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Adalimumab (n = 6607) | Secukinumab (n = 2677) | Ustekinumab (n = 5405) | Ixekizumab (n = 703) | Guselkumab (n = 730) | |
| Age, median (IQR), y | 45.0 (35.0-54.0) | 47.0 (37.0-56.0) | 46.0 (36.0-55.0) | 46.0 (36.0-56.0) | 48.0 (36.0-56.0) |
| Female sex | 2762 (41.8) | 1144 (42.7) | 2277 (42.1) | 309 (44.0) | 318 (43.6) |
| Race and ethnicity | |||||
| Asian | 266 (4.0) | 162 (6.1) | 278 (5.1) | 41 (5.8) | 45 (6.2) |
| Missinga | 818 (12.4) | 365 (13.6) | 556 (10.3) | 117 (16.6) | 115 (15.8) |
| Otherb | 233 (3.5) | 118 (4.4) | 207 (3.8) | 41 (5.8) | 32 (4.4) |
| White | 5290 (80.1) | 2032 (75.9) | 4364 (80.7) | 504 (71.7) | 538 (73.7) |
| BMI | |||||
| Median (IQR) | 29.8 (26.1-34.4) | 31.0 (27.1-36.2) | 30.8 (26.4-36.0) | 31.4 (27.3-36.7) | 31.6 (27.5-37.7) |
| Missinga | 1178 (17.8) | 634 (23.7) | 970 (17.9) | 194 (27.6) | 253 (34.7) |
| Waist circumference | |||||
| Median (IQR), cm | 100.0 (90.0-111.0) | 103.0 (93.0-115.0) | 102.5 (91.0-114.0) | 104.0 (94.0-115.0) | 104.0 (94.0-118.0) |
| Missinga | 1448 (21.9) | 876 (32.7) | 1352 (25.0) | 270 (38.4) | 311 (42.6) |
| Alcohol intake by categories | |||||
| No alcohol intake | 1778 (26.9) | 715 (26.7) | 1612 (29.8) | 168 (23.9) | 166 (22.7) |
| Lower-risk drinking (<21 U/wk for men, <14 U/wk for women) | 2717 (41.1) | 852 (31.8) | 2073 (38.4) | 167 (23.8) | 176 (24.1) |
| Hazardous drinking (21-49 U/wk for men, 14- 34 U/wk for women) | 588 (8.9) | 190 (7.1) | 409 (7.6) | 31 (4.4) | 46 (6.3) |
| Harmful drinking (≥50 U/wk for men, ≥35 U/wk for women) | 89 (1.3) | 20 (0.7) | 69 (1.3) | 5 (0.7) | 6 (0.8) |
| Missinga | 1435 (21.7) | 900 (33.6) | 1242 (23.0) | 332 (47.2) | 336 (46.0) |
| Smoking status | |||||
| Never | 3072 (46.5) | 1234 (46.1) | 2307 (42.7) | 326 (46.4) | 323 (44.2) |
| Previous | 2031 (30.7) | 860 (32.1) | 1789 (33.1) | 222 (31.6) | 258 (35.3) |
| Current | 1504 (22.8) | 583 (21.8) | 1309 (24.2) | 155 (22.0) | 149 (20.4) |
| Missinga | 1354 (20.5) | 742 (27.7) | 1081 (20.0) | 275 (39.1) | 264 (36.2) |
| Disease duration, median (IQR), y | 20.0 (12.0-30.0) | 20.0 (12.0-30.0) | 20.0 (12.0-30.0) | 21.0 (14.0-31.0) | 21.0 (13.0-31.0) |
| DLQI score | |||||
| Baseline, median (IQR) | 17.0 (11.0-23.0) | 16.0 (11.0-22.0) | 16.0 (10.0-22.0) | 15.0 (9.0-24.0) | 14.0 (8.0-20.0) |
| Missing | 3030 (45.9) | 1375 (51.4) | 2615 (48.4) | 408 (58.0) | 391 (53.6) |
| PASI score | |||||
| Baseline, median (IQR) | 13.3 (10.2-18.5) | 12.2 (8.0-17.5) | 12.6 (9.2-17.8) | 11.4 (6.8-16.8) | 11.0 (7.0-16.0) |
| Missinga | 912 (13.8) | 492 (18.4) | 774 (14.3) | 126 (17.9) | 130 (17.8) |
| Psoriatic arthritis | 1928 (29.2) | 922 (34.4) | 1269 (23.5) | 288 (41.0) | 190 (26.0) |
| Psoriasis | |||||
| Nail | 3683 (55.7) | 1414 (52.8) | 2847 (52.7) | 419 (59.6) | 376 (51.5) |
| Palmoplantar | 1234 (18.7) | 532 (19.9) | 1058 (19.6) | 151 (21.5) | 139 (19.0) |
| Scalp | 4674 (70.7) | 1880 (70.2) | 3876 (71.7) | 519 (73.8) | 522 (71.5) |
| Flexural | 2472 (37.4) | 944 (35.3) | 2024 (37.4) | 286 (40.7) | 280 (38.4) |
| Unstable | 756 (11.4) | 326 (12.2) | 587 (10.9) | 85 (12.1) | 78 (10.7) |
| No. of previous biologic therapies | |||||
| None | 4943 (74.8) | 959 (35.8) | 2512 (46.5) | 128 (18.2) | 172 (23.6) |
| 1 | 1278 (19.3) | 898 (33.5) | 2021 (37.4) | 205 (29.2) | 193 (26.4) |
| ≥2 | 386 (5.8) | 820 (30.6) | 872 (16.1) | 370 (52.6) | 365 (50.0) |
| During follow-up | |||||
| Any treatment with methotrexate | 1004 (15.2) | 280 (10.5) | 559 (10.3) | 52 (7.4) | 33 (4.5) |
| Any treatment with cyclosporine | 344 (5.2) | 78 (2.9) | 243 (4.5) | 29 (4.1) | 11 (1.5) |
| Any treatment with fumaric acid esters | 48 (0.7) | 9 (0.3) | 26 (0.5) | 0 | 1 (0.1) |
| Any treatment with apremilast | 10 (0.2) | 26 (1.0) | 20 (0.4) | 7 (1.0) | 2 (0.3) |
| No. of comorbid conditions | |||||
| None | 1594 (24.1) | 655 (24.5) | 1418 (26.2) | 139 (19.8) | 184 (25.2) |
| 1-2 | 3638 (55.1) | 1457 (54.4) | 2730 (50.5) | 376 (53.5) | 374 (51.2) |
| 3-4 | 1134 (17.2) | 457 (17.1) | 1001 (18.5) | 156 (22.2) | 139 (19.0) |
| ≥5 | 241 (3.6) | 108 (4.0) | 256 (4.7) | 32 (4.6) | 33 (4.5) |
| COPD | 107 (1.6) | 57 (2.1) | 118 (2.2) | 13 (1.8) | 18 (2.5) |
| Diabetes | 564 (8.5) | 295 (11.0) | 570 (10.5) | 86 (12.2) | 88 (12.1) |
| Dyslipidaemia | 638 (9.7) | 212 (7.9) | 517 (9.6) | 78 (11.1) | 60 (8.2) |
| Hypertension | 1563 (23.7) | 625 (23.3) | 1377 (25.5) | 171 (24.3) | 171 (23.4) |
Abbreviations: BMI, body mass index (calculated as weight in kilograms divided by height in meters squared); COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; DLQI, Dermatology Life Quality Index; PASI, baseline psoriasis area and severity index.
a
The amount of missing data given for covariates with missing data.
b
Other included Black British individuals.