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. 2022 Jul 7;13:112. doi: 10.1186/s13244-022-01255-y

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© The Author(s) 2022

Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 1 — Representative CT images showing dynamics of recent tuberculosis infection in a 33-year-old male contact of a patient with infectious multi-drug resistant tuberculosis. a, b Baseline CT images show a nodular consolidation (black arrow) and micronodules (black arrowhead) in two secondary pulmonary lobules in the apicoposterior segment of the left upper lobe (a). Another minimal pauci-nodular infiltration is noted in the adjacent subsegmental lobules (black arrowhead) (b). Bacteriologic/molecular tests of bronchoscopic alveolar lavage fluid were negative. The patient was observed without treatment. c, d Decreases in the previous pauci-nodular infiltrations are shown on follow-up CT images 14 months after the baseline CT examination. Sputum smear and culture were negative. e, f Eighteen-month follow-up CT images show new nodular consolidation and adjacent pauci-nodular infiltrations (white arrowheads) from one of the shrunken nodules (e, f), while another nodule remains stable (black arrow) (e; variable changes among lesions within a host). The close contact denied any symptoms and signs. Bacteriologic/molecular tests of bronchoscopic alveolar lavage fluid were negative. However, radiologic progression was regarded as indicating active tuberculosis, leading to the subsequent initiation of anti-multidrug resistant tuberculosis treatment. g, h Follow-up CT images 5 months after treatment show decreases in the previous nodular lesions with a few residual small nodules (black arrow and white arrowhead)