Table 1A. Classification and Amount of P and Phytate in Soils: Total P (Pt), Organic P (Po), and Phytase-Hydrolyzable P (PPhy) Concentrations (mg kg–1) and Proportion (%) of the Po to Pt and PPhy to Pt or Po in Different Soils by Different Extraction and Analytical Methodsa.
| location | soil description | phytase-hydrolyzable P | % total P | % organic P | extraction and analytical method | ref | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| England and Wales | temperate lowland permanent pasture with high clay (22–68%) | 26–189 | ND–26 | NaOH-EDTA extraction, solution 31P NMR spectroscopy | Turner et al.161 | |||||
| Madagascar | rice humid tropical oxisols | ND–33 | 11–35, 22 | Turner162 | ||||||
| Southern Chile | dairy cattle dung | 153–613 | 9–14 | 44–73% | Fuentes163 | |||||
| feces | 1325 | Toor et al.164 | ||||||||
| Australia | pasture soils (n = 5) | 0.1–0.4 | 10.8–33.5 | H2O extraction, enzymatic hydrolysis | Turner et al.11 |
| location | soil description | dune age (years B.P.) | Pt | Po | total IP6 | % of Po | myo-IP6 | % of IP6 | extraction and analytical method | ref |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Haast, New Zealand | mineral soils along coastal dunes under lowland temperate rain forest | 290 | 178 | 128 | 56.7 | 44.4 | 34.9 | 61.6 | NaOH-EDTA extraction, solution 31P NMR spectroscopy, and spectral deconvolution | Turner165 |
| 392 | 196 | 140 | 65.8 | 46.9 | 42.3 | 64.3 | ||||
| 517 | 178 | 122 | 48.6 | 40.0 | 26.3 | 54.1 | ||||
| 787 | 210 | 139 | 49.9 | 36.0 | 24.9 | 49.9 | ||||
| 1826 | 126 | 99.0 | 51.1 | 51.6 | 27.2 | 53.3 | ||||
| 3384 | 115 | 86.4 | 40.0 | 46.3 | 19.9 | 49.7 | ||||
| 3903 | 85 | 66.9 | 29.7 | 44.4 | 17.0 | 57.1 | ||||
| 4422 | 97 | 70.0 | 36.2 | 51.7 | 19.5 | 54.0 | ||||
| 6500 | 82 | 63.2 | 26.4 | 41.8 | 12.7 | 48.0 |
| location | soil description | Pt | Po (%Pt) | Pphy | %Pt | %Po | extraction and analytical method | ref | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| western USA | semiarid arable soils (n = 11) | 220–1210 | 1.7–22.8 | 1.4–8.4 | 37–87 | NaHCO3 extraction, enzymatic hydrolysis, solution 31P NMR spectroscopy | Turner et al.166 | |||
| England and Wales | lowland permanent pasture soils (n = 29) | 376–1981 | 208–895 | 26–189 | 11–35 | NaOH-EDTA extraction, solution 31P NMR spectroscopy | Turner et al.161 | |||
| Gooding County in southern Idaho | loamy fine sand + solid manure | 440–970 | 71–170 (16–17) | 10.2–16.2 | 4.8–16.2 | Hansen et al.167 | ||||
| loamy fine sand + lagoon manure | 750–1000 | 55–130 (7.3–13) | 4.8–15 | |||||||
| Newport, ME (NS) | uncultivated soil (coarse-loamy, mixed, frigid, typic Haplorthod; 42% sand, 52% silt, and 6% clay) | 12 | 2.2 (H2O), 73 (NaHCO3), 239 (NaOH) | 0.7 (H2O), 64.2 (NaHCO3), 44.7 (NaOH) | 20–71 | sequential H2O, NaHCO3, and NaOH extraction, enzymatic hydrolysis | He et al.159 | |||
| Presque Isle, Maine | conventional cultivation practice (caribou sandy loam: fine-loamy, isotic, frigid Typic Haplorthods; 51% sand, 41% silt, and 8% clay) | 32.5 | 4.3 (H2O), 90 (NaHCO3), 249 (NaOH) | 1.9 (H2O), 83.3 (NaHCO3), 54.0 (NaOH) | 28–79 | |||||
| conventional cultivation practice with 10 yr swine manure application | 37 | 6.8 (H2O), 101 (NaHCO3), 330 (NaOH) | 1.0 (H2O), 42.3 (NaHCO3), 68.4 (NaOH) | 17–49 | ||||||
| New Zealand | pasture soils (n = 24) | 116–2746 | 46–991 (24–60) | 13–220 | 14–91 | NaOH-EDTA extraction, solution 31P NMR | McDowell et al.168 | |||
| Madagascar | rice Oxisols (n = 13) | 130–1380 | 22–393 (19–44) | trace–33.1 | 12.2–26 | Turner162 |
| location | soil description | Pt | Po (%Pt) | Pphy | %Pt | %Po | extraction and analytical method | ref | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| northern Alabama | fine loam (n = 1) | 9.4 (H2O), 9.1 (NaHCO3), 67.1 (NaOH), 2.1 (HCl) | 100 (H2O), 25.2 (NaHCO3), 45.4 (NaOH), 60 (HCl) | 9.7–16.4 (NaOH) | NaOH extraction, with or without enzymatic hydrolysis, solution 31P NMR | He et al.169 | ||||
| fine loam + poultry litter for 20 yr at rates of 1.36 mg ha–1 yr–1 (n = 1) | 32.2 (H2O), 82.2 (NaHCO3), 230 (NaOH), 34.6 (HCl) | 12.3 (H2O), 0 (NaHCO3), 37.6 (NaOH), 0 (HCl) | 0.9–5.2 (NaOH) | |||||||
| Delmarva Peninsula | poultry litter (PL) | 9988–12436 | 6103–7700 (61–62) | 5135–5968 | 48–51 | 77.5–84.1 | NaOH-EDTA extraction, solution 31P NMR | Hill and Cade-Menun170 | ||
| composted litter (CL): poultry litter and cow manure | 11372–16256 | 3550–11090 (31–68) | 3413–8412 | 21–52 | 75.9–96.1 | |||||
| crop soil (CS): soy or corn | 326–827 | 95–141 (17–29) | 42–53 | 6–13 | 37.6–44.2 | |||||
| ditch sediment (DS) | 49–687 | 14.2–86.7 (10–29) | 3–21 | 2–6 | 21.1–24.2 | |||||
| Pennsylvania | fine loam (n = 10) | 604–858 | 178–378 (28.2–60.9) | 31–111 | 4.93–16.9 | 17.4–40.1 | Dou et al.171 | |||
| fine loam + animal manure or spent mushroom compost (n = 10) | 808–4866 | 114–244 (6.91–19.4) | 53–106 | 1.57–6.76 | 22.6–43.4 | |||||
| Irish | nonbasaltic grassland soils (n = 4) | 616–2580 | 188–592 | 97–185 | 20–52 | Murphy et al.172 |
a
Numbers with underlines are the mean values.