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. 2022 Apr 27;3:840827. doi: 10.3389/fragi.2022.840827

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Copyright © 2022 Shive and Pandiyan.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Model. Persistent elevation of innate cytokines such as IL-6, IL-1β, TNFα, and TGF-β, contribute to immunosenescence in the elderly. These cytokines also promote T cell senescence. Senescent T cells perpetuate inflammation by secreting inflammatory cytokines. IL-6 also may promote the development of dysfunctional regulatory T cells (T_regDys), indirectly contributing to chronic inflammation in the elderly. The result is aging and immune and non-immune diseases of aging.