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. 2022 Apr 4;3:864860. doi: 10.3389/fragi.2022.864860

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Copyright © 2022 Kataru, Park, Shin, Baik, Sarker, Brown and Mehrara.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Aging causes decreases in initial lymphatic vessel density and lymphatic endothelial cell (LEC) numbers. (A) Representative confocal images of mouse skin showing initial lymphatic vessels (LYVE-1) and blood vessels (CD31) density. Quantification of initial lymphatic vessel (B) density, (C) branch points, and (D) vessel diameter. (E) Representative flow cytometry dot plots showing frequencies of CD45-/podoplanin (PDPN)+/CD31+ lymphatic endothelial cells. (F) Quantification of skin LECs as a percentage of CD45⁻ cells. (G) Quantification of the absolute number of skin LECs among 100,000 total cells. n = 5 mice per group for all experiments. All quantifications are mean ± SD, unpaired Student’s t test.