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. 2021 Oct 29;2:752636. doi: 10.3389/fragi.2021.752636

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Copyright © 2021 Hirvonen, Kyröläinen, Lehti and Kainulainen.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Lactate, pyruvate, glucose, and TGs/FAs inflow from plasma and their intracellular metabolism in a cell that can use both FAs and glucose as the main source of energy. Independently of their final use in metabolism (liver or peripheral tissues), the intracellular direction of lactate via pyruvate is towards mitochondria. This is because the cytosolic PK reaction is irreversible. TCA produces most of the NADH for OXPHOS. Glycolysis produces 2 NADH per one glucose. There existed a very strong correlation between the changes of plasma pyruvate and lactate independently of placebo or DGA treatment (>0.90). This correlation strongly indicates that MCTs are able to balance plasma membrane concentration differences efficiently.