Table 2. Relationship of independent variables with the recovery from croup (n=186).
Dexa: dexamethasone, Kg: kilogram, cm: centimeters, NVSD: normal vaginal spontaneous delivery, ER: emergency room, N: number, SD: standard deviation, %: percentage
*Chi-square/Fisher exact test, applied for categorical variables as applicable, significant at <0.05
** t-test applied for numerical variables
*** Relapsed: recurrent visits to ER with the same presentation and same clinical diagnosis
| Variables | Categories | Early recovery | ||||
| Recovered (N=53) | Relapsed (N=119) *** | p-value | ||||
| N(%) | N(%) | |||||
| Age in months** | Mean, SD | 23 | 17 | 23 | 19 | 0.98 |
| Duration of the illness (days)** | Mean, SD | 2 | 1 | 3 | 2 | 0.38 |
| Gender* | Male | 37 | 31% | 83 | 69% | 0.99 |
| Female | 16 | 31% | 36 | 69% | ||
| Mode of birth* | C-section | 16 | 31% | 36 | 69% | 0.95 |
| NSVD | 35 | 31% | 77 | 69% | ||
| Vaccination status* | Up to date | 25 | 28% | 63 | 72% | 0.55 |
| Not completed | 27 | 33% | 56 | 68% | ||
| Chronic illnesses* | Present | 20 | 24% | 65 | 76% | 0.04 |
| Absent | 33 | 38% | 54 | 62% | ||
| Treated in ER* | Yes | 50 | 31% | 111 | 69% | 0.94 |
| No | 3 | 30% | 7 | 70% | ||
| Admitted* | Yes | 40 | 34% | 79 | 66% | 0.26 |
| No | 13 | 25% | 39 | 75% | ||
| Route of administration | Oral | 48 | 30% | 111 | 70% | 0.39 |
| Intravenous | 2 | 33% | 4 | 67% | ||
| Intramuscular | 2 | 67% | 1 | 33% | ||
| Administration of dexamethasone | Immediate | 33 | 29% | 79 | 71% | 0.55 |
| Late | 20 | 34% | 39 | 66% | ||