Table 2.

Mechanisms involved in Darwininan medicine with examples of their participation in different diseases. Experimental models based in the Darwinian medicine mechanisms

Mechanisms involved in darwininan medicine	Diseases	Experimental models in which research has been done
– Atavistic traits	– Heart hipoxia and ischemia where metabolism changes from fatty acid dependent to glucose dependent. – Heart regenerative capacity – Cancer	– Role of stem cells in tissue reparation – Change in metabolism in the hypoxic heart
– Heterochrony (neoteny)	– Congenital malformations of the heart where there is intercommunication between the atria or ventricles – Psyhiatric and neurological diseases (Attention deficit disorder and hyperactivity)	– Regeneration in the axolotl
– Antagonistic pleiotropy – Ecological antagonistic pleiotropy	– Atherosclerosis – Congestive heart failure – Hypertension – Aging – Metabolic syndrome – Obesity – Diabetes	– Aging of the cardiovascular system – Vascular responses in metabolic syndrome – Early programming of hypertension