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Unique roles of AGO4. (A) IRES-driven translation of CACNA1A mRNA causes spinocerebellar ataxia 6 when the mRNA includes polyglutamine repeats. (B) Both AGO2 and AGO4 load miR-3191–5p, but only the AGO4-RISC stops the IRES-driven translation. (C) The N-terminal regions of AGO4 highlighted in cyan, yellow and blue serve as the DNMT3A-binding site. The bound guide RNAs are depicted as red stick models (PDB ID: 6OON).
