. 2022 Jul 7;12:11505. doi: 10.1038/s41598-022-15309-0

Table 4.

Effects of single cytokinins on the growth and proliferation of P. amarus shoot culture.

Plant growth regulators (mg/L)	Proliferation rate (mean ± SD)	Shoot lenght (cm) (mean ± SD)	Root length (cm) (mean ± SD)	Shoot number/explant (mean ± SD)	% rooting plantlets	Callus [mm] (mean ± SD)
Control (MS₀)	1.0 ± 0.00^a	7.97 ± 1.08^a	3.84 ± 0.90^a	9.44 ± 2.57^a	100	–
2iP 0.25	1.42 ± 0.88^b	5.94 ± 2.08^b	3.44 ± 1.11^a	10.00 ± 3.83^a	100	2.63 ± 0.73
2iP 0.5	1.62 ± 1.06^b	6.22 ± 1.83^b	3.40 ± 1.18^a	7.07 ± 3.91^b	96.66	4.18 ± 1.38^a
2iP 1.0	1.58 ± 0.86^b	5.28 ± 1.79^b	2.77 ± 1.36^a	6.15 ± 3.41^b	91.53	4.64 ± 1.77^a
2iP 2.0	1.76 ± 1.03^b	4.33 ± 1.30^c	1.97 ± 1.51^b	4.40 ± 3.14^c	82.76	4.90 ± 1.88^a
BAP 0.25	1.55 ± 0.78^b	3.07 ± 1.14^c	1.25 ± 1.07^c	3.80 ± 3.52^c	80.00	7.42 ± 2.98^b
BAP 0.5	1.70 ± 1.07^b	2.53 ± 0.95^d	0.72 ± 0.84^c	1.78 ± 2.52^e	57.50	9.68 ± 3.53^d
BAP 1.0	1.26 ± 0.51^a	2.49 ± 1.00^d	0.28 ± 0.44^d	0.89 ± 1.55^f	37.14	11.11 ± 4.60^d
BAP 2.0	1.30 ± 0.73^a	1.84 ± 0.88^d	0.18 ± 0.51^d	0.43 ± 1.43^f	15.00	10.53 ± 4.39^d
Kin 0.25	1.98 ± 1.48^c	5.06 ± 1.78^b	3.32 ± 1.91^a	7.30 ± 4.66^b	94.00	4.46 ± 1.69^a
Kin 0.5	2.86 ± 1.34^d	4.52 ± 1.58^c	2.42 ± 1.19^b	7.46 ± 4.89^b	92.00	4.48 ± 1.94^a
Kin 1.0	2.59 ± 1.38^d	5.55 ± 1.91^b	2.83 ± 1.33^a	9.31 ± 4.84^a	99.6	4.47 ± 1.88^a
Kin 2.0	2.75 ± 1.45^d	5.62 ± 2.12^b	2.78 ± 1.42^a	9.86 ± 5.32^a	99.80	5.35 ± 2.58^c
TDZ 0.05	1.00 ± 0.00^a	1.87 ± 1.04^d	–	–	–	17.20 ± 6.38
TDZ 0.1	1.00 ± 0.00^a	1.80 ± 0.64^d	–	–	–	11.40 ± 5.53^de
TDZ 0.2	1.00 ± 0.00^a	1.99 ± 1.04^d	–	–	–	6.15 ± 3.24^bc
TDZ 0.5	–	–	–	–	–	–

The results are the arithmetic means of ≥ 50 trials ± SD. The values in each column marked with different letters (a, b, c…) indicate statistically significant differences (p < 0.05; Tukey's RIR test).