Table 3.
Association of plasma biomarkers with incident CKD in MESA and REGARDS
| Plasma biomarkers | HR (95% CI) of incident CKD in MESA |
HR (95% CI) of incident CKD in REGARDS |
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Unadjusted | Model 1 | Model 2 | Unadjusted | Model 1a | Model 2 | |
| KIM-1 | 1.79 (1.46–2.20) | 1.49 (1.15–1.91) | 1.38 (1.05–1.81) | 1.14 (0.97–1.33) | 1.12 (0.95–1.31) | 1.11 (0.94–1.31) |
| MCP-1 | 1.59 (1.14–2.22) | 1.18 (0.79–1.77) | 1.17 (0.76–1.79) | 1.32 (1.05–1.66) | 1.24 (0.97–1.59) | 1.25 (0.98–1.59) |
| suPAR | 3.04 (2.08–4.45) | 2.19 (1.28–3.76) | 1.96 (1.10–3.49) | 1.33 (1.02–1.74) | 1.24 (0.93–1.67) | 1.28 (0.95–1.72) |
| TNFR-1 | 2.53 (1.80–3.55) | 1.82 (1.19–2.76) | 1.65 (1.04–2.62) | 1.57 (1.19–2.06) | 1.78 (1.31–2.41) | 1.99 (1.43–2.76) |
| TNFR-2 | 3.39 (2.25–5.12) | 2.37 (1.44–3.89) | 2.02 (1.21–3.38) | 1.52 (1.11–2.07) | 1.51 (1.06–2.13) | 1.76 (1.22–2.54) |
| YKL-40 | 1.90 (1.57–2.30) | 1.38 (1.10–1.73) | 1.38 (1.09–1.75) | 1.08 (0.95–1.24) | 1.05 (0.91–1.22) | 1.07 (0.92–1.24) |
ACR, albumin-to-creatinine ratio; BMI, body mass index; CAD, coronary artery disease; CKD, chronic kidney disease; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; HR, hazard ratio; KIM-1, kidney injury molecule 1; MCP-1, monocyte chemotactic protein-1; MESA, Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis; REGARDS, Reasons for Geographic and Racial Differences in Stroke; suPAR, soluble urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor; TNFR, tumor necrosis factor receptor; YKL-40, chitinase 3-like protein 1.
HR is per 2-fold higher level. Bold represents results that are significant at P < 0.05. Model 1 was adjusted for age, sex, race, education, BMI, systolic blood pressure, use of hypertension medications, and smoking status. Model 2 was model 1 with additional adjustment for baseline eGFR and ACR.
In REGARDS, model 1 was also additionally adjusted for CAD.