Table 2.
Comparison of general characteristics, MDRO-related characteristics, and clinical outcome between patients with CRE and those with CRAB
| Variable | Category | Total (n=528) | CRE (n=171) | CRAB (n=357) | p |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sex | Male | 335 (63.4) | 107 (62.6) | 228 (63.9) | 0.773 |
| Female | 193 (36.6) | 64 (37.4) | 129 (36.1) | ||
| Age (y) | 67.7±14.0 | 68.7±13.7 | 67.2±14.1 | 0.251 | |
| History of hospitalization within 6 months | No | 147 (27.8) | 33 (19.3) | 114 (30.9) | 0.006 |
| ACH | 301 (57.0) | 113 (66.1) | 188 (52.7) | ||
| LTCF | 80 (15.2) | 25 (14.6) | 55 (15.4) | ||
| Route of hospitalization | ACH, transfer | 184 (34.8) | 64 (37.4) | 12 0(33.6) | 0.680 |
| LTCF, transfer | 76 (14.4) | 23 (13.5) | 53 (14.8) | ||
| Community | 268 (50.8) | 84 (49.1) | 184 (51.5) | ||
| Comorbiditiesa) | Hypertension | 264 (50.0) | 100 (58.5) | 164 (45.9) | 0.007 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 186 (35.2) | 70 (40.9) | 116 (32.5) | 0.057 | |
| CVD | 158 (29.9) | 48 (28.1) | 110 (30.8) | 0.520 | |
| Cancer | 140 (26.5) | 49 (28.7) | 91 (25.5) | 0.441 | |
| CKD | 64 (12.1) | 24 (14.0) | 40 (11.2) | 0.351 | |
| Liver disease | 52 (9.8) | 23 (13.5) | 29 (8.1) | 0.055 | |
| CRD | 49 (9.3) | 15 (8.8) | 34 (9.5) | 0.781 | |
| Charlson comorbidity index score | 4.6±2.3 | 4.6±2.3 | 4.3±2.4 | 0.281 | |
| Treatment in ICU | No | 190 (36.0) | 79 (46.2) | 111 (31.1) | 0.001 |
| Yes | 338 (64.0) | 92 (53.8) | 246 (68.9) | ||
| MDRO historya) | VRE | 116 (22.0) | 48 (28.1) | 67 (19.0) | 0.019 |
| MRSA | 55 (10.4) | 20 (11.7) | 35 (9.8) | 0.505 | |
| ESBL | 88 (16.7) | 46 (26.9) | 42 (11.8) | <0.001 | |
| MRPA | 11 (2.1) | 3 (1.8) | 8 (2.2) | 1.000b) | |
| Specimen source of CRE/CRAB | Respiratory | 317 (60.0) | 15 (8.8) | 302 (84.6) | <0.001 |
| Rectal swab | 126 (23.9) | 125 (73.1) | 1 (0.3) | ||
| Urine | 33 (6.3) | 15 (8.8) | 18 (5.0) | ||
| Blood | 18 (3.4) | 2 (1.2) | 16 (4.5) | ||
| Others | 34 (6.4) | 14 (8.2) | 20 (5.6) | ||
| Strain of CRE/CRABa) | Acinetobacter baumannii | 357 (67.6) | 0 (0) | 357 (100.0) | <0.001 |
| Klebsiella spp. | 126 (23.9) | 126 (100.0) | 0 (0) | <0.001 | |
| Escherichia coli | 36 (6.8) | 36 (21.1) | 0 (0) | <0.001 | |
| Enterobacter spp. | 11 (2.1) | 11 (6.4) | 0 (0) | <0.001b) | |
| Others | 3 (0.6) | 3 (1.8) | 0 (0) | <0.001b) | |
| Status at discharge | Alive | 356 (67.4) | 119 (69.6) | 237 (66.4) | 0.462 |
| Dead | 172 (32.6) | 52 (30.4) | 120 (33.6) | ||
Data are presented as n (%) or mean±standard deviation.
MDRO, multidrug-resistant organism; CRE, carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae; CRAB, carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii; ACH, acute care hospital; LTCF, long-term care facilities; CVD, cardiovascular disease; CKD, chronic kidney disease; CRD, chronic respiratory disease; ICU, intensive care unit; VRE, vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus; MRSA, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus; ESBL, extended-spectrum β-lactamase; MRPA, multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
a)
Multiple responses,
b)
Fisher exact test.