Table 1.
The characteristics of participants.
| Characteristic |
Total (N = 11994) |
Lived (N = 11786) |
Death (N = 208) |
P-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, years, mean (S.D.) | 58.67 (11.78) | 58.45 (11.68) | 71.08 (10.79) | <0.001* |
| Body mass index, kg/m2, mean (S.D.) | 23.98 (3.527) | 23.99 (3.522) | 23.28 (3.770) | 0.007* |
| Follow-up period, years, median (interquartile) | 3.27 (0.64) | 3.27 (0.63) | 1.80 (1.29) | <0.001‡ |
| HPA, MET-h/week, median (interquartile) | 37.10 (39.58) | 37.43 (39.56) | 26.88 (33.28) | <0.001‡ |
| LTPA, MET-h/week, median (interquartile) | 34.65 (41.65) | 34.65 (41.50) | 24.50 (34.65) | <0.001‡ |
| Commute activity, MET-h/week, median (interquartile) | 0.00 (2.92) | 0.00 (3.13) | 0.00 (0.00) | <0.001‡ |
| Sex, N (%) | <0.001† | |||
| Male | 4194 (34.97) | 4081 (34.63) | 113 (54.33) | |
| Female | 7800 (65.03) | 7705 (65.37) | 95 (45.67) | |
| Education, N (%) | <0.001† | |||
| < high school | 7518 (62.68) | 7363 (62.47) | 155 (74.52) | |
| High school | 2914 (24.30) | 2883 (24.46) | 31 (14.90) | |
| > high school | 1562 (13.02) | 1540 (13.07) | 22 (10.58) | |
| Marital status, N (%) | <0.001† | |||
| Married | 10202 (85.10) | 10054 (85.30) | 148 (71.20) | |
| Others | 1792 (14.90) | 1732 (14.70) | 60 (28.80) | |
| Smoking | <0.001† | |||
| Non-Smoker | 9438 (78.69) | 9301 (78.92) | 137 (65.87) | |
| Ex-smoker | 718 (5.99) | 688 (5.84) | 30 (14.42) | |
| Current Smoker | 1838 (15.32) | 1797 (15.25) | 41 (19.71) | |
| Alcohol drinking | <0.001† | |||
| Never | 9435 (78.66) | 9258 (78.55) | 177 (85.10) | |
| Occasion | 1835 (15.30) | 1817 (15.42) | 18 (8.65) | |
| Frequent | 724 (6.04) | 711 (6.03) | 13 (6.25) | |
| Hypertension | <0.001† | |||
| Yes | 3796 (31.65) | 3706 (31.44) | 90 (43.27) | |
| No | 8198 (68.35) | 8080 (68.56) | 118 (56.73) | |
| Dyslipidemia | 0.804† | |||
| Yes | 8426 (70.25) | 8282 (70.27) | 144 (69.23) | |
| No | 3568 (29.75) | 3504 (29.73) | 64 (30.77) | |
| Diabetes | 0.376† | |||
| Yes | 982 (8.19) | 961 (8.15) | 21 (10.10) | |
| No | 11012 (91.81) | 10825 (91.85) | 187 (89.90) | |
| COPD | <0.001† | |||
| Yes | 674 (5.62) | 644 (5.46) | 30 (14.42) | |
| No | 11320 (94.38) | 11142 (94.54) | 178 (85.58) | |
| Cardiovascular disease | <0.001† | |||
| Yes | 599 (4.99) | 575 (4.88) | 24 (11.54) | |
| No | 11395 (95.01) | 11211 (95.12) | 184 (88.46) | |
| Habitual physical activity | <0.001† | |||
| Tertile 1 ( ≤ 24.5 MET-h/week) | 4020 (33.50) | 3920 (33.30) | 100 (48.10) | |
| Tertile 2 (>24.5– ≤ 51.1 MET-h/week) | 3976 (33.10) | 3911 (33.20) | 65 (31.20) | |
| Tertile 3 (> 51.1 MET-h/week) | 3998 (33.30) | 3955 (33.60) | 43 (20.70) | |
| Leisure-time physical activity | 0.011† | |||
| Tertile 1 (≤ 22.4 MET-h/week) | 4113 (34.30) | 4027 (34.20) | 86 (41.30) | |
| Tertile 2 (>22.4– ≤ 46.9 MET-h/week) | 3935 (32.80) | 3862 (32.80) | 73 (35.10) | |
| Tertile 3 (> 46.9 MET-h/week) | 3946 (32.90) | 3897 (33.10) | 49 (23.60) | |
| Commute activity | <0.001† | |||
| Retirement (0 MET-h/week) | 6706 (55.90) | 6544 (55.50) | 162 (77.90) | |
| Low (<10 MET-h/week) | 4019 (33.50) | 3986 (33.80) | 33 (15.90) | |
| High (≥ 10 MET-h/week) | 1269 (10.60) | 1256 (10.70) | 13 (6.20) |
HPA, habitual physical activity; LTPA, leisure-time physical activity; MET-h, metabolic equivalent values-hours.
*
P-values of continuous variables were from t-test.
†
P-values of categorical variables were from chi-square tests.
‡
P values from Wilcoxon rank sum test.