Table 4.
Summary of outcome, treatment, and exogenous variables.
| Variable | Description |
|---|---|
| Outcome variables: | |
| Wheat yield | Total annual wheat yield obtained (kg ha-1) |
| Wheat net income | Wheat annual net income earned (birr ha-1 in ‘000) |
| Maize yield | Total annual maize yield obtained (kg ha-1) |
| Maize net income | Maize annual net income earned (birr ha-1 in ‘000) |
| Treatment variable: | |
| Training participation | Household head's participation in training (1 = yes; 0 = no) |
| Exogenous variables: | |
| Sex | Sex of the household head (1 = male; 0 = female) |
| Age | Age of the household head (years) |
| School year | Household head's education level (school year) |
| Farm experience | Household head's farming experience (years) |
| Health condition | Household head's health condition (1 = unhealthy; 2 = somewhat healthy; 3 = healthy) |
| Household size | Total household size (adult equivalent) |
| Land ownership | Household head land ownership status (1 = formally owned/inherited; 0 = no) |
| Radio ownership | Household head radio ownership status (1 = yes; 0 = no) |
| Mobile ownership | Household head mobile ownership status (1 = yes; 0 = no) |
| Farmer-to-farmer extension | Household head's access to farmer-to-farmer extension service (1 = yes; 0 = no) |
| Extension contact | Household head's extension contact (No. of contacts per month) |
| Cooperatives | Household head's cooperatives membership status (1 = yes; 0 = no) |
| Training sources | Household head's access to other training sources (1 = yes; 0 = no) |
| Travel frequency | Household head's frequency of travel to urban centers per month (number of travels) |
| Training usefulness | Household head's perceptions of usefulness of the training (1 = not useful; 2 = undecided; 3 = fair; 4 = useful) |
| Training room convenience | Household head's perceptions of the training room convenience (1 = inconvenient; 2 = undecided; 3 = fair; 4 = convenient) |
| DAs' competence | Household head's perceptions of development agents' (DAs) competence (1 = incompetent; 2 = undecided; 3 = fair; 4 = competent) |
| Kebele cabinet | Household head's membership status in the Kebele cabinet (1 = yes; 0 = no) |
| FTC distance | Distance of farmers training center (FTC) from household head's residence (km) |