Table 6.
CR and AVE.
| Variable | Factor | Measurement Items | Standardized Estimates | AVE | CR |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Student Engagement | Student Work Engagement | Vigor | 0.7∗ | 0.5 | 0.9 |
| Vigor | 0.8∗ | ||||
| Dedication | 0.7∗ | ||||
| Dedication | 0.7∗ | ||||
| Absorption | 0.8∗ | ||||
| Absorption | 0.7∗ | ||||
| Student Motivation | Adaptive Cognitions | Self-efficacy | 0.7∗ | 0.5 | 0.7 |
| Valuing | 0.6∗ | ||||
| Mastery orientation | 0.7∗ | ||||
| Adaptive Behavior | Planning | 0.7∗ | 0.5 | 0.7 | |
| Task management | 0.7∗ | ||||
| Persistence | 0.7∗ | ||||
| Maladaptive Cognition and Behavior | Anxiety | 0.7∗ | 0.5 | 0.8 | |
| Failure avoidance | 0.7∗ | ||||
| Uncertain control | 0.7∗ | ||||
| Self-handicapping | 0.7∗ |
Note: ∗Implies that the estimate values are statistically significant at p < 0.001.