Table 2. Perioperative outcome and number of dissected lymph nodes (n=411).

Characteristics	RATS (n=103)	VATS (n=308)	P value
Operation time (min), mean (SD)	214.9 (56.1)	206.9 (88.2)	0.28
Bleeding amount (mL), mean (SD)	52.7 (94.7)	124.2 (243.5)	<0.001
Duration of chest tube (days), mean (SD)	1.9 (2.8)	2.6 (4.1)	0.045
Postoperative stay (days), mean (SD)	10.1 (4.1)	12.0 (5.6)	<0.001
Intraoperative complication, n (%)	12 (11.7)	49 (15.9)	0.72
Emergent thoracotomy, n (%)	0	7 (2.3)	0.20
Postoperative complication, n (%)	13 (12.6)	34 (11.0)	0.34
Persistent air leakage, n (%)	3 (2.9)	30 (9.7)	0.03
Number of dissected lymph nodes, mean (SD)
Total lymph nodes	20.0 (8.6)	19.3 (9.9)	0.53
Mediastinal lymph nodes	12.1 (7.0)	11.8 (7.7)	0.73
Mechanical stapler used	4.3 (1.8)	4.6 (2.1)	0.10

RATS, robot-assisted thoracoscopic surgery; VATS, video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery; SD, standard deviation.