Table 1.

Frequency of categories (N=186).

Sociotechnical domain and category			Frequency, n (%)
Hardware and software computing infrastructure
	Interoperability	3 (1.6)
	Data security and privacy	2 (1.1)
	Technical problems	9 (4.8)
Clinical content
	Errors and mistakes	4 (2.2)
	Language and understanding	14 (7.5)
	Documentation quality	3 (1.6)
Human-computer interface
	Structure and navigation of the patient portal	22 (11.8)
	Log-in difficulties	6 (3.2)
	Mobile access	5 (2.7)
	Easy to use	3 (1.6)
	Specific usability issues	7 (3.8)
People
	Personal preferences	3 (1.6)
	Digital divide	6 (3.2)
Workflow and communication
	Collaboration and communication support	8 (4.3)
	Visualize workflow	2 (1.1)
Internal organizational policies, procedures, and culture
	Regional access limitations	78 (41.9)
	Technical support	2 (1.1)
External rules, regulations, and pressures
	Repeat consent	7 (3.8)
	Adolescent and parental access	2 (1.1)
	Sealed records	2 (1.1)