Summary of examples relying on chromism-based detection using COFs.

Analyte	COF	Detection architecture	LOD	Detection range	Other detection parameters	Ref.
H2O	DHNDA-TAPP	DHNDA-TAPP/aramid microfiber	N/A	20–100% RH	Reversible and repeatable	123
H2O	TAPB-PDA-OH	TAPB-PDA-OH film	N/A	10–100% RH	In gas phase, reversible, response time 9 s, recovery time 1 s	124
H2O	Py–TT	Py–TT film	N/A	0.59–0.98 (p/p0)	In gas phase, reversible, response time 0.21 s, recovery time 0.15 s	126
HCl	PBHP-TAPT	PBHP-TAPT powder	<20 ppm	20–3000 ppm	In gas phase, response time < 2 s	128
HCl	Per-N	Per-N film	35 μg L−1	35–110 μg L−1	In THF solution, reversible when treated with Et3N	129
HCl	COF-ETBA-DAB	COF-ETBA-DAB suspension	N/A	0.13–91 mM	In 1,4-dioxane suspension, reversible	141
Cu2+	CTF	CTF/TMB/H2O2	0.08 μg L−1	1.0–80 μg L−1	In water, pH = 4.0, selectivity over Na+, K+, Ba2+, Zn2+, Al3+, Ce3+, Co2+, Ni2+, Fe3+, Mn2+, and Cr3+; vegetable and water sample	132
Hg2+	Tp-Bpy	Au NPs@Tp-Bpy/TMB/H2O2	0.33 nM	0–1000 nM	200 mM H2O2, pH = 4.0; selectivity over Cr3+, Fe3+, Cu2+, Zn2+, Mg2+, Co2+, Ag+, Pb2+, Ni2+, Na+, K+, Ca2+, Al3+, Ba2+, Mn2+, NH4+, Cd2+, and Fe2+	134
Hg2+	PTAzo	PTAzo/TMB/H2O2	0.75 nM	5–300 nM	In acetic acid, pH = 4.0; selectivity over Ca2+, Mn2+, Cr3+, Pb2+, Ba2+, K+, Na+, Fe3+, Mg2+ and Cu2+	135
F−	Fe-CTF	Fe-CTF/TMB/H2O2	5 nM	50–700 nM	Selectivity over Cl−, Br−, SO42−, NO3−, HCO3−, HCOO−, CO32−, PO43−, and CH3COO−	133
GSH	CTF-1	CTF-1/TMB/H2O2	0.65 μM	1–100 μM	In 0.1 M NaAc buffer, pH = 4.0	130
Cys	CTF-1	CTF-1/TMB/H2O2	0.62 μM	1–100 μM	In 0.1 M NaAc buffer, pH = 4.0	130
Hcy	CTF-1	CTF-1/TMB/H2O2	0.68 μM	1–140 μM	In 0.1 M NaAc buffer, pH = 4.0	130
Glucose	Fe-COF	Fe-COF + TMB + H2O2	1.1 μM	30–500 μM	In 0.2 M NaAc buffer, pH = 5, selectivity over sucrose, maltose, and lactose	131
Sarcosine	Fe-CTF	Fe-CTF/TMB/H2O2	0.56 μM	10–100 μM	In 0.2 M PBS buffer, pH = 8.0	133
Ochratoxin A	Fe-CTF	Fe-CTF/TMB/H2O2	N/A	0.2–0.8 μM	In 50 mM NaAc buffer, pH = 4.0	133
H2O2	Cu2+-CTF	Cu2+-CTF/TMB/H2O2	N/A	2.5–140 μM	In 0.1 M NaAc buffer, pH 4.0	142