TABLE 3.

Multivariate analysis of end‐of‐life outcomes by primary care physician care continuity for 2001–2003 cohorts ^a (N = 15,272)

	No care continuity (N = 4674)	Care continuity (N = 10,598)
	Average percentage differences (95% CI)		p Values
Any of aggressive end‐of‐life care	Ref	0.005 (−0.016, 0.026)	0.638
Chemotherapy received within 14 days of death	Ref	−0.007 (−0.038, 0.024)	0.669
More than one emergency department visit within 30 days of death	Ref	−0.005 (−0.031, 0.021)	0.699
More than one hospitalization within 30 days of death	Ref	−0.044 (−0.077, −0.010)	0.010
Any ICU admission in last 30 days of life	Ref	0.008 (−0.058, 0.073)	0.819
In‐hospital deaths	Ref	−0.038 (−0.086, 0.010)	0.123

Note: All models controlled for age at diagnosis, sex, race, Hispanic, metro/nonmetro, marital status, residential ZIP‐code income quintile, residential ZIP‐code educational attainment, number of provider visits prior to cancer diagnosis, stage‐IV indicator, number of comorbid conditions, disability, tumor site, multiple cancer diagnosis, months since diagnosis, Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) registry sites, year of diagnosis, an indicator of any treatment (chemotherapy, radiation, or surgery) within 6 months following cancer diagnosis and its interaction with tumor sites, and hospital‐fixed effects. Bold texts indicate the statistically significant result with a p value less than 0.05.

Abbreviation: ICU, intensive care unit.

^a Estimates were from 15,272 patients who were diagnosed with poor‐prognosis cancers in 2001–2003 and who died (99%) as of December 31, 2014, using generalized logistic regressions with clustered standard errors at the residential ZIP‐code level.