TABLE 1.

Definitions of data quality indicators

Indicator	Definition
Pickup/drop‐off modifier codes	Percent of emergency ambulance claims with a valid pickup and drop‐off modifier code
Ambulance mileage information	Percent of emergency ambulance claims with mileage information
Ambulance‐hospital linkage	Percent of emergency ambulance claims that successfully linked to a hospital claim for either admission or outpatient services
External cause of injury reported on inpatient claim	Percent of linked ambulance and hospital admission trauma cases that reported an external cause of injury code (ICD‐9CM or ICD‐10CM e‐code) in any diagnosis column
External cause of injury reported on outpatient claim	Percent of linked ambulance and outpatient visit trauma cases that reported an external cause of injury code (ICD‐9CM or ICD‐10CM e‐code) in any diagnosis column
Reported versus expected in‐hospital mortality	Comparison of the expected versus reported in‐hospital deaths by injury severity score a

Abbreviations: ICD‐9CM, International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification; ICD‐10CM, Tenth Revision, Clinical Modification.

^a Injury severity scores were calculated as the sum of squares of the three highest Abbreviated Injury Scale scores.