Table 2.
Hazard ratios (HRs) for multimorbidity incidence (N = 1967)
| Variables | Univariate model | Multivariate modela | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Lifestyle | |||
| BMI | Normal | Reference | Reference |
| Underweight | 0.96 (0.66–1.39) | 0.95 (0.65–1.39) | |
| Overweight | 1.16 (0.96–1.41) | 1.07 (0.88–1.29) | |
| Obese | 1.65 (1.34–2.02) | 1.51 (1.22–1.86) | |
| Physical activity | Yes | Reference | |
| No | 0.92 (0.78–1.08) | – | |
| Smoking | Never | Reference | Reference |
| Past | 1.55 (1.26–1.91) | 1.31 (1.03–1.70) | |
| Current | 1.04 (0.84–1.30) | 1.08 (0.83–1.40) | |
| Drinking | Never | Reference | Reference |
| Past | 1.73 (1.37–2.19) | 1.55 (1.18–2.05) | |
| Current | 1.25 (1.05–1.49) | 1.38 (1.11–1.72) | |
| Psychosocial factors | |||
| Depressive symptoms | 1.03 (1.00–1.05) | – | |
| Participation in social meeting | Yes | Reference | |
| No | 1.19 (1.01–1.41) | 1.09 (0.91–1.30) | |
| Level of social interaction | High | Reference | Reference |
| Moderate | 1.09 (0.88–1.35) | 1.05 (0.84–1.30) | |
| Low | 1.61 (1.31–1.99) | 1.72 (1.38–2.14) | |
BMI body mass index, CI confidence interval
Values are HR (95% CI)
aAdjusted by age, gender and number of chronic diseases at the baseline