Table 2.

Risk factors of kidney disease among study patients

	Patients with eGFR of ≥ 60mls or proteinuria of trace or negative	Patients with eGFR < 60mls / min and or proteinuria ≥  + 1
Statistic	Frequency (%)	Frequency (%)	Odds Ratio	95% CI	P-value
Frequency (N = 357)	263 (73.7)	94 (26.3)
Age: Median (IQR)	45 (30—62)	51 (35—67)	1.01	1.00—1.02	0.069
Age categories
18–35	93 (79.5)	24 (20.5)	1.00
36–59	97 (72.9)	36 (27.1)	1.44	0.80—2.59	0.227
60 years and above	73 (68.2)	34 (31.8)	1.80	0.98—3.31	0.056
Sex (%)
Female	124 (73.8)	44 (26.2)	1.00
Male	139 (73.5)	50 (26.5)	1.01	0.63—1.63	0.955
Alcohol Use
No	153 (72.5)	58 (27.5)	1.00
Yes	110 (75.3)	36 (24.7)	0.86	0.53—1.40	0.551
Previous or Current Cigarette smoking
No	214 (74.3)	74 (25.7)	1.00
Yes	49 (71)	20 (29)	1.18	0.66—2.12	0.577
HIV status
Negative	186 (73.5)	67 (26.5)	1.00
Positive	77 (74)	27 (26)	0.97	0.58—1.64	0.919
Had Diabetes mellitus
No	236 (75.2)	78 (24.8)	1.00
Yes	27 (62.8)	16 (37.2)	1.79	0.92—3.50	0.087
Had Hypertension
No	222 (77.9)	63 (22.1)	1.00
Yes	41 (56.9)	31 (43.1)	2.66	1.55—4.59	< 0.001
Previous febrile illness in past 3 months
No	117 (73.6)	42 (26.4)	1.00
Yes	146 (73.7)	52 (26.3)	0.99	0.62—1.59	0.974
Diarrhea or vomiting in past 3-months
No	177 (79.4)	46 (20.6)	1.00
Yes	86 (64.2)	48 (35.8)	2.15	1.33—3.47	0.002
Previous use of herbal remedies
No	235 (73.9)	83 (26.1)	1.00
Yes	28 (71.8)	11 (28.2)	1.11	0.53—2.33	0.778
Previous use of NSAIDS
No	243 (74.1)	85 (25.9)	1.00
Yes	20 (69)	9 (31)	1.29	0.56—2.93	0.549
Heart failure
No	258 (74.6)	88 (25.4)	1.00
Yes	5 (45.5)	6 (54.5)	3.52	1.05—11.81	0.042