Table 2.

Data about pediatric population affected by MPS [4]

Authors	Patients	MPS	Musculoskeletal pain
Brans et al	89 adult and pediatric MPS subjects (55 of whom agreed to participate)	MPS I, MPS II, MPS III, MPS IV, MPS VI, MPS type unknown	69% of children reported joint pain, mainly hip (27,8%) and back pain (25,9%). The highest frequency of pain was observed in MPS III group (52.9%)
Hendriksz et al	Adult and pediatric MPS subjects with	Morquio A Syndrome (MPS IVA)	64% of children reported joint pain (spinal area (63%), lower extremities (100%), upper extremities (69%), and head and neck area (56%))
Vijay and Wraith	29 adult and pediatric MPS subjects	Attenuated MPSI phenotype	Progressive arthropathy (86%), fixed flexion deformity of the fingers (24%), and kyphosis, scoliosis, and/or lordosis (24%)
White and Sousa	18 pediatric MPS subjects	MPSIII	Many subjects requested orthopaedic evaluation of hip pain (hip dysplasia in 8 subjects; bilateral osteonecrosis of the femoral heads in 4 subjects)
de Ruijter et al	33 adult and pediatric MPS III subjects	MPS-3A, MPS-3B, MPS-3C	For 15 of the 33 subjects pain was indicated in one or both hips