Table 1.
Experimental diet composition
| Composition | Control diet | Low-magnesium diet |
|---|---|---|
| Magnesium (mg/kg)a | 500.00b | 300.00 or 100.00 |
| Other essential mineral elements (mg/kg) | ||
| Phosphorus | 1561.00 | |
| Potassium | 3600.00 | |
| Sulfur | 300.00 | |
| Sodium | 1019.00 | |
| Chloride | 1571.00 | |
| Calcium | 5000.00 | |
| Iron | 35.00 | |
| Zinc | 30.00 | |
| Manganese | 10.00 | |
| Copper | 6.00 | |
| Iodine | 0.20 | |
| Molybdenum | 0.15 | |
| Selenium | 0.15 | |
| Potentially beneficial mineral elements (mg/kg)c | ||
| Silicon | 5.00 | |
| Chromium | 1.00 | |
| Fluoride | 1.00 | |
| Nickel | 0.50 | |
| Boron | 0.50 | |
| Lithium | 0.10 | |
| Vanadium | 0.10 | |
| Common ingredients (g/kg) | ||
| Cornstarch | 397.49 | |
| Casein (≥ 85%protein) | 200.00 | |
| Dextrinized cornstarch | 132.00 | |
| Sucrose | 100.00 | |
| Soybean oil (no additives) | 70.00 | |
| Fiber | 50.00 | |
| Vitamin mix d | 10.00 | |
| L-Cystine | 3.00 | |
| Choline bitartrate (41% choline) | 2.50 | |
| Tert-butylhydroquinone | 0.014 | |
aA similar composition was used in all the experimental groups, except for the addition of MgO to provide (per kg) 500.00 mg of Mg in the control and 300.00 mg and 100.00 mg of Mg in low magnesium diets
bThe control diet follows the recommendations of American Institute of Nutrition (AIN-93G)
cAlthough biochemical functions have not been described, and essentiality has not been firmly established for any of these elements, feeding diets with very low quantities of some of them may result in negative effects on growth, reproductive performance in a variety of animals
dVitamin mixture expressed in per kg diet: Nicotinic acid, 30 mg; pantothenate, 15 mg; pyridoxine, 6 mg; thiamin, 5 mg; riboflavin, 6 mg; folic acid, 2 mg; vitamin K, 750 μg; biotin, 200 μg; vitamin B-12, 25 μg; vitamin A, 4000 IU; vitamin D3, 1000 IU; vitamin E, 75 IU