Table 4.

AJCC staging of paragangliomas [30].

Stage	TNM Category	Description
I	T1 N0 M0	T1–Pheochromocytoma < 5 cm in greatest dimension; No extra-adrenal invasion; N0–no lymph node metastases; M0–No distant metastases
II	T2 N0 M0	T2–Pheochromocytoma ≥ 5 cm, sympathetic paraganglioma of any size; no extra-adrenal invasion
III	T1 N1 M0	N1–Lymph node metastases
III	T2 N1 M0
III	T3 N0 M0	T3–Tumor of any size with surround tissue invasion (liver, spleen, pancreas and kidneys)
III	T3 N1 M0
IV	Any T Any N M1	M1–distant metastases; M1a–Distant metastases to only bone; M1b–Distant metastases to only lymph nodes/liver/lung; M1c–Distant metastases to bone plus multiple other sites