Table 2.

Marginal benefits from adjuvant or neoadjuvant chemotherapy for ES NSCLC in randomized trials.

Study	N	Chemotherapy	Clinical Efficacy
IALT (21)	1867	Adj. CDDP based regimen × 3–4 cycles	Overall:    ↑5 yr DFS 4.3%; ↑5 yr OS 3.9%;    HR of death: 0.86 (1st 5 yrs); 1.45 (after 5 yrs) DFS HR for cT1-2N0M0 NSCLC: 0.92
ANITA (22)	840	Adj. CDDP/Vinorelbine × 4 cycles	Overall: 5- and 7-year absolute survival benefit: 8.6% and 8.4% 5- and 7-year absolute DFS benefit: 8.7% and 5.5% Chemo. vs. Obs.    5 yr OS for pT2N0M0: 62% vs. 64%    5 yr OS per N status:       N0: 58% vs. 61%       N1: 52% vs. 36%       N2: 40% vs. 19%
JBR. 10 (24)	482	Adj. CDDP/Vinorelbine × 4 cycles	No survival benefit from chemotherapy in N0 tumors >3 –7 cm (HR 1.03).
CALGB 9633 (25)	344	Adj. Carboplatin/Paclitaxel × 4 cycles	Chemo. vs. Obs. (>3–7 cm).    5 yr OS: 60% vs. 58%    5 yr DFS: 52% vs. 48% ≥4 cm group (p < 0.05): HR for death: 0.69 HR for DFS: 0.69
CHEST (27)	246	Neoadj. CDDP/Gemcitabine × 3 cycles	No PFS or OS observed in N0 patients with tumors >3–7 cm

CDDP: cisplatin; yr: year; DFS: disease-free survival; HR: hazard ratio; Chem.: chemotherapy; Obs.: observation; OS: overall survival; PFS: progression-free survival.