Table 3.
Acute toxicity of palmarosa oil and curcuma oil against goldfish after 24 and 48 h of exposure. SD, standard deviation; LC50, 50% lethal concentration; 95% CI, 95% confidence interval.
| Essential Oil | Concentration (mg/L) | No. of Fish/Tank | No. Dead Fish (mean ± SD) | LC50 (95%CI, mg/L) | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 24 h | 48 h | 24 h | 48 h | |||
| Palmarosa oil | 0 | 10 | 0 | 0 | 40.8 (38.26–43.43) | 39.15 (36.36–41.86) |
| 30 | 10 | 0 | 0.33 ± 0.58 | |||
| 35 | 10 | 1.67 ± 1.58 | 2.67 ± 0.58 | |||
| 40 | 10 | 4.33 ± 0.58 | 5.67 ± 1.15 | |||
| 45 | 10 | 7.33 ± 0.58 | 8.0 ± 1.0 | |||
| 50 | 10 | 10 | 10 | |||
| Curcuma oil | 0 | 10 | 0 | 0 | 31.73 (29.2–34.51) | 28.85 (26.06–31.5) |
| 20 | 10 | 0 | 0 | |||
| 25 | 10 | 1.67 ± 0.58 | 3.57 ± 0.58 | |||
| 30 | 10 | 3.0 ± 1.0 | 5.33 ± 0.58 | |||
| 35 | 10 | 6.67 ± 0.58 | 8.33 ± 0.58 | |||
| 40 | 10 | 10 | 10 | |||