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. 2022 Jun 26;19(13):7825. doi: 10.3390/ijerph19137825

Table 4.

Overview of mental-fatigue inducing interventions.

Study Population (P) Characteristics Intervention (I) Duration Comparison (C) Methodological Characteristics Outcome (O)
Friese et al. [35] 40 FM, 26 M A = 43.27 ± 11.9 years Watching video in condition (suppressing all emotions) 6.5 min Watching video naturally Not reported d2 performance (attention and concentration) decreases in I vs. C
Yusainy and Lawrence [36] 58 FM, 52 M A = 19.52 ± 2.03 years Watching video with condition 6 min Watching video without condition RCT Aggression increases in I vs. C;
Wang et al. [37] 46 FM, 14 M University students; A = 21.33 ± 1.00 years Mental calculation task 15 min N/A RCT Handgrip time decreases in posttest vs. pretest
Stocker et al. [16] 18 FM, 16 M Freshman studying sport science; A = 20.85 ± 1.31 years Transcribe a neutral text (omit all letters “e” and “n”) 6 min Transcribe a neutral text conventionally RCT Ego-depletion increases in I vs. C; number of repetition characters decrease and errors increase in I vs. C
Axelsen et al. [38] 47 FM, 43 M G1 = 23 (A = 34.5 ± 10.3 years)
G2 = 22 (A = 35.9 ± 12.3 years)
G3 = 21 (A = 32.8 ± 9.3 years)
G4 = 24 (A = 34.6 ±10.6 years)
AX-CPT 90 min N/A RCT MF increases in posttest vs. pretest; incorrect responses increase in final 15 min vs. first 15 min; % no go success rate decreases in posttest vs. pretest
Shaabani et al. [39] 72 M Experienced basketball players; urban league;
A = 28.6 ± 4.0; H = 193.0 ± 7.5 cm;
Incongruent modified Stroop color-word task 15 min Congruent modified Stroop color-word task RCT Ego-depletion increases in I vs. C; free throw shooting score decreases in I vs. C
Zhu et al. [40] 14 M Soccer player; A = 24.3 ± 3.7 years; H = 1.74 ± 0.05 cm; W = 68.3 ± 5.1 kg; VO2max: 47.0 ± 4.4 mL/kg/min; average training years: 2.5 Stroop About 3 min × 3 times N/A RCT MF = in post vs. pretest
Coimbra et al. [41] 30 FM Volleyball athletes; A = U-16, U-14, and U-13 N/A N/A N/A RCT Not reported

Note. A age, AX-CPT AX continuous performance test, C control, FM female, H height, I intervention, G group, M male, MF mental fatigue, N/A not applicable, RCT randomized controlled trial, U under, W weight.